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Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania

BIOGRAPHY

BY

JOHN W. JORDAN, LL.D.

Librarian Historical Society of Pe'insylvania, Philadelphia; Author of "Colonial Families

of Philadelphia;" "Revolutionary History of Bethlehem,"

and various other works.

ILLUSTRATED

VOLUME III

..J

NEW YORK

LEWIS HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY

1914

I I I I

Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania

BIOGRAPHY

BY

JOHN W. JORDAN, LL.D.

Librarian Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Author of "Colonial Families

of Philadelphia;" "Revolutionary History of Bethlehem,"

and various other works.

ILLUSTRATED

VOLUME III

►

£nl9

V.3

NEW YORK

LEWIS fflSTORICAL PUBLISfflNG COMPANY

1914

BIOGRAPHICAL

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

FRITZ, John,

Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineer.

(By Rossiter W. Raymond, New York, N. Y., and Henry Sturgis Drinker, South Bethlehem, Pa.)

John Fritz, one of the most distinguished mechanical and metallurgical engineers, was born August 21, 1822, in Londonderry, Chester county, Pennsylvania. His father, George Fritz, a native of Hesse Cassel, was brought to this country by his parents in 1802, with three brothers and a sister, to whom were subsequently added three daughters born in America. The family settled in Pennsylvania. George Fritz mar- ried the native-born daughter of a Scotch Irish Presbyterian immigrant of 1787, and they had four girls and three boys, of whom John was the first. He was named after his grandfather, the foreign form, Johannes Fritzius, being Americanized into John Fritz. Thus he was descended from stanch and sturdy stock on both sides. His ancestors came here when faith in the new Republic and the future development of its domain under free institutions, brought to its shores the bravest and most enterprising of pioneers. It was the era of dauntless, independent individualism, and it produced among us a generation of strong men, whose personal gifts and ambitions could be de- veloped freely in the stimulating atmosphere of liberty and opportunity.

The "Autobiography of John Fritz," pub- lished in 191 1, bears unconscious testimony to the efTect of this environment upon in- nate genius. His father, a millwright and mechanic, could not be content with farm- ing, but repeatedly followed the call of the trade which he loved better; and the sons, inheriting his talent and his predilection.

after dutifully following the plough in their youth, abandoned it for mechanical engi- neering, in which, educating themselves without the aid of technical schooling, they all achieved high position. Another in- fluence, not to be overlooked, was that of the large family, with its necessary de- velopment of mutual affection and happi- ness. It was a sad thing for John Fritz, brought up in such an atmosphere, that to him and his beloved wife, during their long life together, only one child was given ■ — a daugliter, who died at the age of seven ; but it may be fairly imagined that this ex- perience had something to do with the fatherly and brotherly affection which he lavished upon the sons of others. If he had had, like his father, many children of his own, perhaps there would not now be so many to call him gratefully "Uncle John Fritz !" It should be added that both his ancestry and his early life endowed him with splendid health and strength. Finally, we cannot omit to mention (what John Fritz was wont, on all occasions, to emphasize) the moral influence of his God-fearing father and mother upon his whole life. Under that influence, added to all the rest, he became the strong, gently, simple- hearted, high-souled man we knew and loved, combining with his own inborn genius the warm Irish heart, the steady German head, and the American courage and elastic- ity of endeavor.

Like other American boys, he had the benefit of some schooling; but his own epi- grammatic summary, "Five days in the week, for three months in the year, is too short a time for the study of Bennett's Arithmetic," tells the whole story. In 1838, at the age of sixteen, he became an ap-

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

prentice in the trades of blacksmith and machinist — the latter comprising repairs of agricultural and manufacturing machinery, including the simple blast-furnaces of that day. At the end of his apprenticeship he returned to work for a time on the paternal farm, with his mind made up to engage somehow in the manufacture of iron, with special relation to its use on railroads. This early decision was illustriously justified by his subsequent career.

It was not until 1844 that he succeeded in making an entrance upon this career, by getting employment in a rolling-mill at Nor- ristown, Pennsylvania, then in process of erection. He was put in charge of all the machinery, and soon discovered many weak spots in design and construction which he afterwards remedied either by his own in- ventions or by those which he adopted and introduced. Among these were the two- high rolls and their cog-gearing, which he determined to abolish, if he ever got a chance. Meanwhile he seized the oppor- tunity to master thoroughly the thing near- est to him, outside of his immediate task. This happened to be the puddling-furnace. John Fritz worked through a long day at his job as superintendent and repairer of machinery, and then spent the evening in the exhausting work of a common puddler, studying, while he rabbled or drew the glow- ing charge, the apparatus and the process. Months of such toil and thought made him at last not only a master-puddler, but also an expert, qualified to improve the old con- struction and practice. This accomplish- ment, however, he merely stored for the time when he should be able to use it, and meanwhile, turned his attention to the heating, rolling, and finishing departments of the mill, with each of which, by the same method of actual practice at night, he ac- quired a similarly thorough familiarity.

Having learned what was to be learned in that particular business, he accepted in 1849, with the sympathetic approval of Moore & Hooven, his employers at Norris-

town, a position in a new rail-mill and blast- furnace at Safe Harbor, Pennsylvania, by Reeves, Abbott & Co. The salary was smaller ($650 a year, instead of $1,000!); but he wanted to learn all about blast-furn- ace practice and the manufacture of rails. His strenuous and successful work at Safe Harbor was cut short after a few months by an attack of fever and ague. During this interval, he made a trip to Lake Superior, and saw the great Cleveland and Jackson iron-ore deposits in the Marquette district. After his return, he tried in vain to interest Pennsylvania capitalists in Lake Superior iron-mines, as a source of supply even for Pennsylvania. He was told that he might as well dream of bringing Iron-ore from Kamschatka as from Marquette — to which he replied that, within ten years (this was in 1852), iron-ore from Lake Superior would be sold in Philadelphia. One-half the Jackson mine could have been bought then for $25,000!

But if his friends and former employers could not trust him as a prophet, they ap- preciated him as a mechanical engineer ; and he was engaged in 1852 to superintend the rebuilding of the Kunzie-blast-furnace, on the Schuylkill, about twelve miles from Philadelphia. This involved the new method of manufacturing pig-iron with an- thracite, instead of charcoal or coke, as fuel — a scheme which had just been proved practicable by David Thomas and William Firmstone in the Lehigh Valley. Mr. Fritz, though not the designer of the new furnace, was called upon to remedy defects in the original design, and managed to the satis- faction of the proprietors, and without losing the friendship of the engineer whose opinion he had contradicted. After the furnace had been put in blast, his desire to learn all about operation as well as con- struction, led him to pursue his old habit of prowling about at odd times, day and night ; and in this way he discovered one of the most important principles of modern blast- furnace practice, namely, that of the

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

"closed front," replacing the old fore-hearth and those frequent interruptions of the blast for cleaning out the crucible, known as "working" the furnace — a revolutionary change of practice. The principle was afterwards embodied and made more effec- tive by the water-cooled cinder-notch patented by Liirmann. But, while Mr. Fritz cannot be said to have anticipated that in- vention, he was apparently the first, in this country at least, to recognize the importance of that purpose, and to carry it out in another way. When Liirmann's agent was trying to introduce his improvement in this country, the favorable opinion of John Fritz was one of the strongest arguments at his command.

In 1853, having got the Kunzie furnace machinery into good running order, Mr. Fritz joined with his brother George and others in building at Catasauqua a foundry and machine-shop to supply blast-furnaces and rolling-mills. In the following year he was invited, through David Reeves, to go to the Cambria Iron Works, Johnstown, Penn- sylvania, as general superintendent. This was the turning-point of his career. His preparation for it had occupied sixteen years, during which he had mastered every part of the manufacture of iron into com- mercial forms, while he had also learned the higher art of commanding the enthusiastic loyalty of workmen, and the highest art of all. perhaps — that of securing the confidence of employers. All these patiently acquired qualifications were de- manded and tested in his new position, and the lack of any one of them would have been probably fatal to his success. The Cambria Iron Company was in a bad way administratively, financially, mechani- cally, and metallurgically, although, to his hopeful vision, "Cambria was destined to be the greatest rail-plant in the world." He met successively the problems of technical authority and responsibility, temporary re- pair and reform of an old plant, improve- ment in quality of product, and the procure-

ment of means for new and needed con- struction. When these problems had been so far solved that the mill was running well, and making some money, the property was attached under judgments upon former claims. Fritz persuaded all parties to allow the work to go on, and he was the only man upon whom all parties could agree as an agent to protect the rights of all. Under his management operations went on under the shadow of impending bankruptcy, until a reorganization with adequate capital was de- cided upon. This was not easily eflfected, under the circumstances, and confidence in the technical ability, good judgment, integ- rity, and loyalty of John Fritz, on the part of capitalists who knew him and his record, was the influence which turned the scale in favor of the enterprise. The capital Wcis subscribed, and operations were resumed. He determined to put into the works a three-high roll-train, in accordance with his prophetic vision of earlier years ; and this plan was opposed by many of the stock- holders, who were supported in their posi- tion by the opinions of leading iron-masters in all parts of the country, and the declara- tions of the laboring "heaters" and "rollers," and it was by sheer force of personal character that he secured authority for the execution of his plan. Against the denun- ciation of critics and the warning of friends, he introduced the three-high rolls into the Cambria Company's mill, laying thereby the foundation not only of unexampled pros- perity for that establishment, but also of an improvement which was rapidly adopted throughout this country and the world, and has been justly called the last great step of progress in iron-manufacture preceding the Bessemer process.

But this triumph was followed by further trials. The day after the success of the three-high rolls had been demonstrated in the Cambria mill, the mill itself was de- stroyed by fire. Fortunately, the demon- stration had been conclusive, so that, if the fire was the work of an enemy, it came too

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

late to defeat the new invention. Fritz was equal to the emergency. Inside of thirty days he had the mill running again, though without a roof to cover it ; and it was one of the proudest recollections of his after-life that he subsequently erected a building i,- ooo feet long by lOO feet wide, with trussed and slated roof — the finest rolling-mill building, at that time, in the United States — without interrupting the running of the mill which it covered, and without injury to a single person. In the progressive recon- struction of the Cambria works, Fritz in- troduced many improvements which he had conceived in previous years — improvements in puddling-furnaces, gearing, boilers, etc. One of his most characteristic and radical measures was the abandonment, in connec- tion with the roll-trains, of light coupling- boxes and spindles, and a special "breaking- box," holding the rolls in place — all of which were intended to break under special strain, so as to save the rolls from fracture. The structures and machines designed by him have been occasionally criticized, as unnecessarily costly at the outset ; but none of them ever failed in service. His trusses are still standing ; his engines are still run- ning ; and perhaps his abundant '"margins of safety" have proved to be worth more than they cost.

After six years with the Cambria Iron Company, Mr. Fritz accepted in July, i860, the position of general superintendent and chief engineer of the Bethlehem Iron Com- pany. The works of this company, de- signed and erected by Mr. Fritz, were so far completed by September, 1863, as to begin the rolling of rails made from the product of its own blast and puddling furnaces. The first of his improvements was the in- troduction of high-pressure blast in the iron blast-furnace. The iron-masters of the Le- high Valley region were startled, when they learned that Fritz was blowing air at 12 lb. per sq. in. into his furnaces, and was pre- pared even to blow at 16 lb. in an emer- gency. This method of overcoming the in-

ternal difficulties which had previously been treated with so much old-fashioned skill, was the beginning of the new blast-furnace practice, in which rapid running, immense product and high blast, while creating fresh problems of blast-furnace management, have superseded many of the old ones. Fritz's horizontal blowing-engines were much criticized at the time, but they have run continuously, day and night, for more than thirty years, blowing at from 10 to 12 lb. pressure, and frequently more. He was so well satisfied with the result of his in- novations in blast-furnace practice that he designed a larger furnace, with an engine that would supply a 20 to 30 lb. blast. But, to his great regret, the directors of the com- pany were too conservative to authorize this experiment.

During the Civil War, the government needed a rolling-mill somewhere in the South, in which twisted rails could be re- rolled. It was probably the advice of Abram S. Hewitt, which led to the selection of Mr. Fritz as one who could procure the neces- sary machinery and secure the erection of the mill with the least possible delay. He was surprised in March, 1864, by his ap- jx)intment to this place with almost un- limited powers. His commission under the War Department declared that "any ar- rangements" he might make would be "fully carried out" b}^ the Government. Mr. Fritz immediately prepared the plans and secured the necessary machinery for the mill, which was built at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and of which his brother Wil- liam was made superintendent. William Fritz had been employed at Cambria and at Bethlehem until 1861, when he enlisted in the Union army, and in 1864, he was on fur- lough, recovering from a serious wound. He ran the Chattanooga mill successfully until the end of the war.

The part taken by John Fritz at the Bethlehem works in the application and im- provement of the Bessemer process in this country was no small one. He was one of

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

a notable group, comprising his brother George Fritz, then superintendent of the Cambria Works, Robert W. Hunt, William R. Jones, Owen F. Leibert and Alexander L. Holley, which used to meet frequently for the discussion of serious practical diffi- culties not communicated to the general public, or even to the technical societies and journals. It is worthy of notice that these young engineers were all railmakers ; and it was in the manufacture of rails, more than in any other department, that the Bessemer process produced its widest and deepest effect throughout the civilized world, by its revolutionary improvement of the condi- tions, distances, speed, and economy of transportation. The troubles encountered in making good steel rails would never have been solved by chemists, physicists, and metallurgists without the aid of the prac- tical rail-makers, of whom John Fritz was a leader and type.

During nearly thirty years of work with the Bethlehem Iron Company, Mr. Fritz, supported by the faith and courage which he inspired in other men, made that enter- prise one of the most famous in the world — the Mecca of engineer-pilgrims from abroad and the pride and pattern of Amer- ican practice. The introduction of open- hearth furnaces and of the Thomas basic process; the progressive improvements of strength, simplicity, and automatic handling in the rolling-mills ; the adoption of the Whitworth forging-press ; the manufacture of armor-plate; the erection of a 125-ton steam-hammer ; and innumerable other im- provements in the manufacture of iron and steel, owe their present perfection in large degree to his inventive genius, practical re- sourcefulness, and patient study. The stamp of his mind may be found on almost every detail of construction and operation throughout a wide range of processes and products.

In 1892, at the age of seventy, he retired from the responsible and arduous work at Bethlehem, which had occupied more than

the latter half of the fifty-four years since his apprenticeship began. For nearly twenty years longer he lived to enjoy, as few men have been permitted to do, the fame and the friendships which he had amply earned. Indeed, he had received world-wide recognition before his retire- ment, and that event elicited numerous pub- lic expressions of the pre-existing fact. This Institute, of which he had been a loyal member since 1872, elected him its presi- dent in 1894, and he made the following contributions to the Transactions: "Re- marks on the Fracture of Steel Rails," 1875 ; Remarks on the Bessemer Pro- cess, 1890; Early Days of the Iron Manu- facture (Presidential Address), 1894; Re- marks on Rail-Sections, 1899. The Amer- ican Society of Mechanical Engineers, which he had joined in 1882, made him an honorary member in 1892, and president in 1895 ; the American Society of Civil En- gineers, of which he became a member in 1893, conferred honorary membership upon him in 1899; the Iron and Steel Institute of Great Britain made him an honorary member in 1893, ^nd a perpetual honorary vice-president in 1909; and the recently or- ganized American Iron and Steel Institute elected him an honorary member in 1910. Meanwhile, he had received the Bronze Medal of the U. S. Centennial Exposition in 1876; in 1893 the Bessemer Gold Medal of the Iron and Steel Institute ; in 1902 the John Fritz Medal (the fund for which was established by subscription, to honor his eightieth birthday, by awarding a gold medal annually "for notable scientific or industrial achievement" — the first medal being bestowed with enthusiastic unanimity upon John Fritz himself) ; in 1904 the Bronze Medal of the Louisiana Purchase E.xposition, in connection with which he served as honorary expert on iron and steel ; and in 1910, the Elliott Cresson Gold Medal of the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, "for distinguished leading and directive work in the advancement of the iron and steel in-

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dustries." And he received honoris causa the following academic degrees : Master of Arts, from Columbia University, in 1895; Doctor of Science, from the University of Pennsylvania, in 1906 ; Doctor of Engineer- ing, from the Stevens Institute of Tech- nology, in 1907; and Doctor of Science, from Temple University, in 1910.

But these official distinctions could not tell fully the story of love and praise which pressed for the utterance which it found on two memorable occasions — celebrations of his seventieth and eightieth birthday anni- versaries, in which hundreds of his friends and professional colleagues participated. The first took place at Bethlehem in 1892, and the second at New York in 1902. On the latter occasion, as has been said above, he received the first "John Fritz medal." The conferment of honorary degrees by in- stitutions of learning upon this self-edu- cated workingman was a recognition not merely of his professional achievements, but also of his wise and generous aid to the cause of technical education, some account of which may fitly close this story of his life.

Lehigh University was founded in 1866 by a Pennsylvanian — Asa Packer, who knew and appreciated the great qualities of John Fritz, and who named him as one of the original board of trustees. This institu- tion had in its board of control, from the beginning, the strong common sense and the superlative engineering ability of John Fritz. For a wholly self-educated, self- cultured man, he was remarkably broad in his conceptions of education. While not wealthy in the modern sense of the term, Mr. Fritz, who though generous was thrifty, had laid aside and enjoyed a com- fortable competence in his old age; and one day in the spring of 1909 he astonished President Drinker of Lehigh by saying:

In my will I have left Lehigh University a certain sum of money to be expended in your discretion. I now intend to revoke that bequest, and instead of leaving money for you to spend

after I am gone, I'm going to have the fun of spending it with you and Charley Taylor (Mr. Taylor being a co-Trustee of Lehigh with Mr. Fritz, and an old and valued friend — a former partner of Andrew Carnegie). I have long watched the career of a number of Lehigh gradu- ates, and I have been impressed by the value of the training they have received at Lehigh. But you need an up-to-date engineering labora- tory, and I intend to build one for you.

Mr. Fritz acted as his own architect ; de- signed the building (substantially on the lines of the large shop he had built at the Bethlehem Steel Works) ; selected, pur- chased and installed the superb testing- equipment ; and renewed his youth in the task, which was a great pleasure to him. At his death it was found that (after mak- ing generous provision for his near rel- atives, and for bequests to the Free Library of the Bethlehems. to St. Luke's Hospital at South Bethlehem, to Temple College at Philadelphia, to the Methodist Hospital at Philadelphia, to the American University at Washington and to other charitable pur- poses) he had bequeathed his residuary estate, estimated to amount to about $150,- 000, to Lehigh University, as an endow- ment-fund for the maintenance and opera- tion of this Laboratory.

Mr. Fritz retained much of his vigor and activity up to the autumn of 191 1. He took frequent trips alone to Philadelphia and New York, and attended many gatherings of his old engineering friends and associ- ates. In the spring of 191 1, he decided, at the urgent solicitation of friends, to put into shape the notes of incidents in his life which he had been making for years. This was done largely on the insistence of friends, during the summer of 191 1, in Bethlehem. The penciled notes in his own handwriting, on yellow slips, was arranged chronologi- cally by his nephew. George A. Chandler, who as an engineer, had had a close life- long association with Mr. Fritz ; then Dr. Drinker, who was admitted to participation in the task, procured a competent stenog- rapher: and they, with Mr. N. M. Emery,

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

another friend, spent day after day, during the summer vacation-season, on the task. First, the crabbed desultory penciled notes were read aloud, and commented on by Mr. Fritz — every now and then with the injec- tion of some delightful reminiscence or story — all being taken down by the stenog- rapher, of whose presence Mr. Fritz soon became unconscious, as she was an unob- trusive, most competent little woman. As soon as this mass of matter had been type- written, it was all read over again to Mr. Fritz, who again corrected, commented, and amplified. It was then turned over to the publishers (William H. Wiley claimed this privilege as a labor of love), and again the galley-proofs were similarly read, and the matter improved in Mr. Fritz's painstaking way. Finally the paged proofs were all read to him. The Autobiography was ab- solutely his own individual work. All that the devoted friends who were admitted to participate in its preparation did, was (as Dr. Drinker expressed it), to do the "cooly work," to perform the manual operations of authorship; the literary work, the direct forcible expression, the loving reminis- cences, the jocund incidents of home- and mill-life are all the work of Mr. Fritz.

And then came the beginning of the end. This literary work finished, the laboratory built, his afifairs in good order, Mr. Fritz began to fail. He suffered from recurring attacks of bronchitis, and finally an abscess formed on his chest. The abscess was opened by his physician. Dr. John H. Wil- son, in February, 1912. Mr. Fritz, in his weakness shrank from physical pain ; so the spot was frozen by the application of chlor- ide of ethyl before the knife was applied. When the patient heard the hissing of the gas, he turned languidly in bed towards Dr. Drinker, who stood by him, and said, "Doc- tor, that sound reminds me of my first Bessemer blow !"

In March, 1912, his medical attendants expressed the opinion that unless he would submit to a drastic operation for the re-

moval of pus on his chest, blood-poisoning would set in and death must soon follow ; and Dr. Drinker was appealed to by the family to exert his personal influence as a friend to persuade Mr. Fritz to submit to the operation. In this he was successful ; and the operation was performed April 15, 1912. by Dr. William L. Estes, Mr. Fritz's old and intimate friend, with Dr. Edward Martin, of Philadelphia, as consulting sur- geon, and Dr. John H. Wilson as physician.

At this time Mr. Fritz again gave evi- dence of his characteristic sense of humor under any and all conditions. Every pre- caution was of course taken to ease the patient, and the surgeons arranged to bring from Philadelphia a special operator with apparatus to administer nitrous oxide, be- fore subjecting him to the influence of ether. When Dr. Drinker explained this to him, Mr. Fritz said, "All right, but don't let them pull out any of my teeth" — the joke being that he had not a natural tooth left. This from a man in a state of ex; treme weakness, following weeks of suffer- ing! The operation was highly successful in averting the immediate threatened danger. Mr. Fritz wished to live ; and his life was prolonged until February 13, 1913, when he died quietly, without apparent pain, passing away in sleep. His funeral, held at Bethlehem on February 17, was attended by a large concourse of his friends ; and he lies at rest in the beautiful Nisky Hill ceme- tery of his home town, beside his only daughter, who died in childhood, and his be- loved wife. So lived and died a great man — strong, wise, brave, invincible ; a good man — simple, generous, tender and true; a loving husband ; a loyal friend ; a public- spirited citizen ; a real philanthropist, giving "himself with his gift!" To us who miss and mourn him now, the man shines even more illustrious than the famous engineer.

Mr. Fritz married Ellen W. Maxwell, born in White Alarsh, June 8, 1833, died at Bethlehem, January 29, 1908. Their only child, Gertrude, born in 1853, died in i860.

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On March 28, 1913, the board of direc- tors of the American Institute of Mining Engineers unanimously adopted the follow- ing minutes :

John Fritz, one of the most distinguished of American mechanical and metallurgical engi- neers, won that position by the force of innate genius, indomitable industry, unstained integrity and unfailing sympathy, and generosity towards his fellow-men.

Self-educated in the hard school of practice, he appreciated nevertheless the advantages of technical instruction and discussion, and evinced this appreciation both by his membership and lively interest in this and other similar societies, and by his munificent gifts to engineering educa- tion at Lehigh University, and his long and faithful service as a Trustee of that institution.

As one of the foremost of those American engineers who, through their brilliant inventions and practical skill, developed here the modern iron blast-furnace and rolling-mill, and intro- duced and perfected the Bessemer process and other improvements in the manufacture of steel, Mr. Fritz contributed mightily to the chief de- partments of that industrial progress which characterized the Nineteenth Century.

Proud of his great achievements, we cannot but rejoice over his long and fruitful life, crowned with a peaceful death; but our praise and thanks are mingled with sorrow, as we recall the kindly face which we shall see no more on earth, and the loyal friendship and spontaneous good-will which led the love of his generation, and the reverence of the generation which followed, to regard him universally as "Uncle John Fritz."

CADWALADER, John,

Lawyer, Usefnl Citizen.

A member of the Philadelphia bar since 1864, John Cadwalader in professional and social life enjoys a reputation fairly earned antl one not depending on the fame of his distinguished ancestors. Since 1697 the Cadwalader name has been familiar in Pennsylvania history, and in every genera- tion men of eminence in civil life, the pro- fessions, and high in military rank, have contributed to the glory of their State and to the honor of the family name. Wealth, honors and position have been freely show- ered upon them and in the stirring scenes

that attend the birth of a nation all this wealth and prestige was employed to estab- lish its right to exist free and independent. Great as was its early fame the family in succeeding generations have proved no less worthy of the name they bear.

John Cadwalader, of Philadelphia, is of the sixth American generation of a family founded by John Cadwalader, of Wales, who came to Pennsylvania in 1697. He was born in county Merioneth, Wales, about 1677, and at the age of twenty years came to this country, bearing testimony from the Friends of Pembrokeshire that they had known him since his thirteenth year and that he "hath the reputation of an apt scholar and hath attained to as good a degree of learning as any at school." Furthermore they gave testimony that ""his demeanor has been sober and innocent." The young man settled on the "Welsh Tract," near Phila- delphia, and on December 26, 1699, married Martha Jones, daughter of Dr. Edward Jones, who came from Wales with the first immigrants from that country in 1682. Dr. Jones married Mary Wynne, daughter of Thomas Wynne, a physician who came with William Penn on the "Welcome." After his marriage, John Cadwalader settled in Philadelphia, where he first was an in- structor, later became a merchant, was elected a member of the connnon council in 1718, and in 1729 a member of the General Assembly. He died July 23, 1734, leaving a son Thomas to perpetuate the family name — the only son to survive childhood.

Thomas Cadwalader became a noted phy- sician, obtaining his professional education largely in England. He practiced first in Philadelphia, then went to live at Trenton, Xew Jersey, where in 1746 he became the first burgess under the charter granted by Governor Belcher, of Xew Jersey. In 1750 he returned to Philadelphia and there rose to eminence in his profession, served in many positions of honor and trust. He was an ardent patriot, and lived an honorable, useftd life that terminated November 14,

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1779, at the age of seventy-two years, at his farm "Greenwood," about one mile from Trenton, New Jersey. He is known in history as Dr. Thomas Cadwalader, the "Councillor," having served with Chew and Mifflin as a member of the Provincial Coun- cil from November 2, 1755, until the Revo- lution. He also served as a member of Philadelphia common council, 1751 until 1774. He was one of the original incor- porators of the Philadelphia Library Com- pany, founded in 1731, and was a director in the years I73i-i732-i733-i739-i752- 1769- 1 773- 1 774. He married, June 18, 1738, Hannah, daughter of Thomas Lam- bert, of New Jersey. She died in Philadel- phia, in 1786, aged seventy- four years, and was buried in Friends' burying ground at Fifth and Arch streets; Dr. Thomas Cad- walader was buried in Friends' burying ground in Trenton, New Jersey, in which city he had founded a public library. His daughters married distinguished men of tlieir day, except the youngest, Elizabeth, one of the flower girls at Washington's re- ception in Trenton, in 1789, vi'ho died un- married ten years after that event, aged twenty-nine years. His sons — John, of further mention, and Lambert — both at- tained distinction in business, military and official life.

General John Cadwalader, eldest son of Dr. Thomas, the Councillor, was a merchant of Philadelphia in company with his brother, the firm being known as John & Lambert Cadwalader. In 1771 he erected a large double house in Second street, below Spruce, with gardens extending to Third street. At the outbreak of the Revolution he was cap- tain of the company of the Philadelphia, an organization familiarly known as the "Silk Stocking Corps," many members of which later became officers of the Continental Line. He was a member of the Committee of Safety, colonel of a city battalion, and brigadier-general in command of Pennsyl- vania troops. He led one of the divisions of Washington's army that crossed the Del-

aware, December 27, 1776, remaining on the Jersey side, fought at Princeton, Janu- ai'y 3> ^777^ and won from General Wash- ington the encomium: "A man of ability, a good disciplinarian, firm in his principles and of intrepid bravery." He declined in 1777 the appointment of brigadier-general, and a later appointment by Congress of brigadier-general of cavalry of the United States, believing the war practically over and preferring to remain in command of Pennsylvania troops. Later, at Washing- ton's request, he organized the militia of the Eastern Shore of Maryland, joined the army under Washington, fought at Brandy- wine and Germantown as a volunteer, and performed valiant service at the battle of Monmouth, June 28, 1778. Soon after- ward he fought a duel with General Con- way, whom Washington characterized as a "dangerous incendiary." General Cadwala- der was uninjured, but wounded his ad- versary. In 1779 he succeeded his honored father as trustee of the University of Penn- sylvania, and returned to his home in Mary- land, becoming a member of the Assembly of that State. He died at Shrewsbury, Kent county, Maryland, February 10, 1786, just past his forty-fourth birthday. General John Cadwalader married (first) Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Lloyd, of Wye House, Talbot county, Maryland, (second) Wil- liamina, daughter of Dr. Phineas Bond, of Philadelphia, and granddaughter of John Moore, judge of the Admiralty in Pennsyl- vania. His daughters by both wives mar- ried men of distinction and rank.

General Thomas Cadwalader, only son of General John Cadwalader to survive infancy, was a child of the second wife, Williamina Bond. His father, a man of great wealth, gave him every advantage of education, and in 1795, he graduated A. B., University of Pennsylvania. He then studied law, was admitted to the bar, but becoming trustee of the Penn and other large estates he withdrew from active prac- tice. In 1799 he served with the cavalry

721

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

troops sent out to quell an insurrection in Pennsylvania, which grew out of resistance to the enforcement of a law levying a tax to defray the charges of the French War. He was a lieutenant colonel of cavalry in the War of 1812, was also in command of the "advanced light brigade," and later major-general, First Division, Pennsylvania Militia. He was solicited by President Monroe to accept the diplomatic appoint- ment of Minister to England, but declined that and other civic positions. He was ap- pointed with General Scott and Colonel (afterwards President) Taylor in 1826 to revise the tactics of the United States Army. He was the author of numerous articles in various journals, and his man- sion at Ninth and Arch streets, Philadel- phia, was the resort of the most accom- plished scholars of the country.

He married, June 25, 1804, Mary, daugh- ter of Colonel Clement Biddle, Assistant Quartermaster-General of the Revolutionary army from Pennsylvania, and United States Marshal. General Cadwalader died Octo- ber 31, 1841, leaving five sons — John, of whom further; George, brevetted major- general in the United States regular army for gallant conduct at Chapultepec, Mexico, and major-general of volunteers for service during the Civil War, a large landowner and man of affairs, died in Philadelphia, February 3, 1879; Thomas; Henry, an officer in United States navy ; and William.

Judge John Cadwalader, the third in direct line to bear the name, was the eldest son of General Thomas and Mary (Biddle) Cadwalader. He was born in Philadelphia, April I, 1805, died January 26, 1879. He was a graduate of University of Pennsyl- vania, A. B., class of 1821. When sixteen years of age he studied law, and before arriving at legal age, was admitted to the Philadelphia bar, September 20, 1825. He soon after his admission became solicitor for the Rank of the United States, and soon became conspicuous even among the bril- liant men of that day who composed the

Philadelphia bar. He was retained by the government in the famous Blackburne "Cloth Cases," and with Walter Jones and Daniel Webster represented the complain- ants in the Girard Will Case. When twenty- eight years old he was admitted to the Su- preme Court of the United States, in 1834. From 1833-1853 he was vice-provost of the Philadelphia Law Academy. In 1844 he commanded a well-known company of Philadelphia militia that served during the riots and disturbances of that year. He was active in securing the consolidation of the several districts of which Philadelphia was formerly composed, and in 1854 was elected to Congress after a hotly contested canvass in the Fifth District, then com- posed of Montgomery county and Kensing- ton. He served with honor, but declined renomination. In 1858 he was appointed by President Buchanan to succeed Judge John K. Kane, deceased, as Judge of the United States District Court for Eastern Pennsylvania. This honorable position he held until his death, a period of twenty-one years. During the Civil War the jurisdic- tion of the court was greatly extended, and afterwards by the Internal Revenue Acts and the Bankrupt Law. In 1870 the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania conferred upon Judge Cadwalader the honorary degree of LL. D. He was a member of the Amer- ican Philosophical Society, elected in 1867; and a Democrat in politics.

He married (first) January 26, 1879, Mary, daughter of Horace and Elizabeth (Cox) Binney, (second) Henrietta Maria, widow of Bloomfield Mcllvaine, and daugh- ter of Charles N. Bancker, an eminent mer- chant of Philadelphia. Children : Mary Binney, married William Henry Rawle: Elizabeth Binney, married George Harrison Hare. Children by second wife: Sarah Bancker ; Frances, deceased ; Thomas, died in childhood ; Charles Evert, graduate of LTniversity of Pennsj'lvania, A. B. and A. M. ; enlisted in 1861 in First City Troop, afterwards was first lieutenant, 6th Regi-

I

^/tt /■^;2^^s^6>zM^

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ment Pennsylvania Cavalry, attaining the rank of lientenant-colonel on the staff of General Meade ; Anne, married Rev. Henry /. Rowland; John, of whom further; George, died young.

John, son of Judge John and Henrietta Maria (Bancker) Cadwalader, was born in Philadelphia, June 27, 18.43, ^"d has passed his life principally in the city of his birth. He prepared for college in the city schools, entered the University of Pemisylvania, graduated A. B., class of 1862, received A. M. in course in 1865; received the de- gree of LL. D. in 191 2, and is a trustee of the University of Painsylvania. He was admitted to the Philadelphia bar in 1864, and has from that time been actively con- nected with the legal profession, practicing in all State and Federal courts of the dis- trict. He has acquired large financial inter- ests, and is identified with many Philadel- phia institutions, philanthropic, i);'lriotic and social, and from 1889 to csident

of the Trust Company .merica.

c is president <•( the Philadelphia and

rtmore Stianiboat Company; manager j>ie-.ident of Philadelphia Institution

: the Blind: served as school director, 1875-1885: was collector of the Port of Philadelphia, 1885-1889. appointed by Pres- ident Cleveland; was jury commissioner. United States Circuit Court; and in all things honorable, upright and honored. Through the distinguished service of his ancestors he gains admission to the patriotic orders, and is president-general of the So- ciety of the War of 1812, and belongs to Pennsylvania Societ)-, Sons of tiie Revolu- tion. He is also a member of the Historical "Society of Pennsylvania, the American

ilosophical Society, and vice-president of Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila-

lihia, serving as a member of the council.

political faith he is a Democrat. His

l)s are the Metropolitan of Washington, . University of Philadelphia, of which he

- been president since 1896; the Ritten-

's". Art. Penn and Philadel])hia Country.

He married Mary Helen, daughter of Joshua Francis Fisher, and a descendant of Logan Fisher; children: Sophia, Mary Helen, John, Thomas Francis. The family home is No. 1519 Locust street, Philadel- phia.

JOHNSON, Frederick Charles,

Physician, Jonrnalist, Litteratenr.

The subject of this sketch, though ac- tively interested in medical science, attained eminence as a journalist. He was of the sixth generation of his family in this coun- try. Thomas, Robert and William Johnson were the progenitors of the American branch.

Robert, who, April 3, 1655, deeded land to his kinsman Thomas (supra), was the an- cestor of those eminent educators and clergymen of the Church of England and United States: Rev. Samuel Johnson, S. T. D . first president of King's College, New York, 1754-63; and Rev. William Samuel Johnson, LL. D., first president of Columbia ( formerly King's) College, 1792- 1800, and member of the Continental Con- gress, 1784, etc. Thomas came from Eng- land to New England with the Puritan immigration in a company headed by Eze- kicl Rogers.

William Johnson came from England about 1660, settled at New Haven, Con- necticut, and ten years later became one of the proprietors of Wallingford, and one of the signers of the compact. He married, in 1664, Sarah, daughter of John and Jane (Woolen) Hall, and died in 1716, his will being recorded in New Haven. They had thirteen children.

Rev. Jacob Johnson, grandson of Wil- liam and Sarah (Hall 1 Johnson, was born April 7, 1713, in Wallingford, and died on March 15, 1797, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsyl- vania. His record of public service was notable. He was a sergeant in the Walling- ford Train Band ; deputy in the general court in 1732-33-36: graduate of Yale; pas-

7^3

I )

I I I

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ment Pennsylvania Cavalry, attaining the rank of lieutenant-colonel on the staff of General Meade ; Anne, married Rev. Henry J. Rowland; John, of whom further; George, died young.

John, son of Judge John and Henrietta Maria (Bancker) Cadwalader, was born in Philadelphia, June 27, 1843, ^"d has passed his life principally in the city of his birth. He prepared for college in the city schools, entered the University of Pennsylvania, graduated A. B., class of 1862, received A. I\I. in course in 1865; received the de- gree of LL. D. in 1912, and is a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania. He was admitted to the Philadelphia bar in 1864, and has from that time been actively con- nected with the legal profession, practicing in all State and Federal courts of the dis- trict. He has acquired large financial inter- ests, and is identified with many Philadel- phia institutions, philanthropic, patriotic and social, and from 1889 to 1897 was president of the Trust Company of North America. He is president of the Philadelphia and Baltimore Steamboat Company; manager and president of Philadelphia Institution for the Blind; served as school director, 1875-1885 ; was collector of the Port of Philadelphia, 1885-1889, appointed by Pres- ident Cleveland ; was jury commissioner. United States Circuit Court; and in all things honorable, upright and honored. Through the distinguished service of his ancestors he gains admission to the patriotic orders, and is president-general of the So- ciety of the War of 1812, and belongs to Pennsylvania Society, Sons of the Revolu- tion. He is also a member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the American Philosophical Society, and vice-president of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, serving as a member of the council. In political faith he is a Democrat. His clubs are the Metropolitan of Washington, the University of Philadelphia, of which he has been president since 1896; the Ritten- house, Art. Penn and Philadelphia Country.

He married Mary Helen, daughter of Joshua Francis Fisher, and a descendant of Logan Fisher; children: Sophia, Mary Helen, John, Thomas Francis. The family home is No. 1519 Locust street, Philadel- phia.

JOHNSON, Frederick Charles,

Physician, Jonrnalist, Litteratenr.

The subject of this sketch, though ac- tively interested in medical science, attained eminence as a journalist. He was of the sixth generation of his family in this coun- try. Thomas, Robert and William Johnson were the progenitors of the American branch.

Robert, who, April 3, 1655, deeded land to his kinsman Thomas (supra), was the an- cestor of those eminent educators and clergymen of the Church of England and United States : Rev. Samuel Johnson, S. T. D., first president of King's College, New York, 1754-63; and Rev. William Samuel Johnson, LL. D., first president of Columbia (formerly King's) College, 1792- 1800, and member of the Continental Con- gress, 1784, etc. Thomas came from Eng- land to New England with the Puritan immigration in a company headed by Eze- kiel Rogers.

William Johnson came from England about 1660, settled at New Haven, Con- necticut, and ten years later became one of the proprietors of Wallingford, and one of the signers of the compact. He married, in 1664, Sarah, daughter of John and Jane (Woolen) Hall, and died in 1716, his will being recorded in New Haven. They had thirteen children.

Rev. Jacob Johnson, grandson of Wil- liam and Sarah (Hall ) Johnson, was born April 7, 1713, in Wallingford, and died on March 15, 1797, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsyl- vania. His record of public service was notable. He was a sergeant in the Walling- ford Train Band ; deputy in the general court in 1732-33-36; graduate of Yale; pas-

723

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

tor of Congregational church, Groton, Con- necticut, from 1749 to 1772; first pastor of Wilkes-Barre Congregational (afterward Presbyterian) Church from 1772 to 1797. He made missionary excursions to the Six Nations, and preached to the Indians in their own tongue. He wrote the articles of capitulation following the destruction of the Wyoming Valley settlements by the British and Indians in 1778, and was a sturdy and selfsacrificing defender of the Connecticut title throughout the protracted land contest in the Wyoming Valley. Several years be- fore the revolution, at a public banquet dur- ing the treaty conference, he was called upon for an address, and made this pro- phetic response, matching the spirit of the famous words of Patrick Henry in Vir- ginia : "I drink to the health of George III. of Great Britain, comprehending New Eng- land and all the British colonies in North America, and I mean to drink such a health as long as His Royal Majesty shall govern the British and American subjects accord- ing to the great charter of English liberty, and so long as he hears the prayers of his American subjects. But in case His Brit- ish Majesty (which God in great mercy prevent) should proceed contrary to char- ter rights and privileges, and govern us with a rod of iron and the mouth of cannons. then I should consider it my indispensable duty to join my countrymen in forming a new empire in America." Rev. Jacob Johnson married, at North Groton, Con- necticut, Mary, a daughter of Captain Nathaniel and Mary (Williams) Giddings, of Preston, and they had a number of chil- dren. He was an extensive land and slave owner, and as attested by the foregoing was a man prominent in large affairs.

One of the sons of Jacob Johnson was Jehoida Pitt Johnson. The latter espoused the Connecticut side in the Yankee-Penna- mite struggle. He, with a hundred others, was arrested in Wilkes-Barre by the Penna- mites on the charge of "treason," and sent to jail. He had a large part in the public

affairs of the community. He married Han- nah Frazer, a relative of Sir Simon Frazer, the Scottish chieftain, known in history as Lord Lovat. Her father served with the British against the French before the Amer- ican Revolution, was wounded at Quebec, where he was a sergeant under Wolfe, and was in Colonel Obadiah Gore's regiment of Continentals during the Revolutionary War. Wesley, son of Jehoida and Hannah (Frazer) Johnson, was educated for the law, and had attained distinction in practice when he abandoned it for a more peaceful mode of life than that of continual litiga- tion. He was one of the originators and leaders in the Wyoming Centennial Cele- bration of 1878; was secretary of the Wy- oming Commemorative Association from its inception to the day of his death, and the "Memorial Volume." compiled by him, is one of the standard works among the annals of Wyoming. He married (first) Cynthia Henrietta, daughter of David Sands and Mary (Tuttle) Green, and (second) Fran- ces Wilson, widow of Frederick McAlpine. Dr. Frederick Charles Johnson, son of Wesley and Cynthia Henrietta (Green) Johnson, was born in Marquette, Green Lake county, Wisconsin, on March 2, 1853. and died at his home at Orchard Knob Farm, Dallas, Luzerne county, Pennsyl- vania, on March 5, 1913. His earlier educa- tion was secured in the public schools of Wilkes-Barre, and returning to his native State. Wisconsin, he took a partial course in Ripon College, with the class of 1873. Re- turning to Wilkes-Barre in 1871, he had ten years of business training, during which time he developed his taste for newspaper work, contributing to the local papers, and undertaking special correspondence from the coal regions for the "Chicago Tribune." One of these years he spent in Chicago, on "The Tribune" staff.

He was graduated with the degree of

Doctor of Medicine from the University of

Pennsylvania, class of 1883, and following

graduation obtained appointment on exami-

24

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ience tram oTritaK''

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97

PEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

>r of Congregational church, GrotiM, Con- necticut, from 1741 ;:>{ Wilkes- Barre C' ' 'i Prcsbyteria!'.) C i" i : ; ■■' .;,-' ' ^7^7- He made inissi'Miar) cxairsioii-- ti' the Six N,' .■ ' • ;„

1. C3.	f ■ : the
W	IJruiih
ai.	rly and
.-I-	'ecticut
tr	iiic] contest
n.	al xears be-
	et dur-
	called
	IS pro-
	of the
	1 V'jr-
	rgcUI.
	V Eng-
	: North
	. health
	govt-rn
	accord-
	liberty.
	- of his
	' : Brit-
	! ;n i;roat mercy
	' i-ontrary to char-
	'vern us with
	of cannons,
tliuli i	ii;y indispensable
duly t>	.men in forming a
r-	1!! A.T.cnca." Rev. Jacob
J'	•ed, at North Groton, Con-
I'l	>ry, a daugliter of Captain
	. Mary CWiiliHms) (>iddings,
01 !'l\:	:;. and th' niher of chil-
drt-n '■"	" -vrt- an • iu\ and slave
OV ' ■	: ■I'-egoing was
	-on was
J>	-ooused
tl	ii; iitic •„ I, X \ i.Kce Pcnna-
11..'	He, with a hundr<?d others,
V.	'kts-Barre by the Penna-
!.:	. <■ of "treason," and sent
I.'	ud d large part in the public

affairs of the community. He married Han- nah Frazer, a relative of Sir Simon Frazer, the Scottish chieftain, known in history as [x)rd Lovat. Her father served with the British against the French before the Amer- ican Revolution, was wounded at Quebec, where he was a sergeant under Wolfe, and was in Colonel Obadjaii (^orc s regiment of Continentals during the l<cvolut>onar>- War.

Wesley, son of Jchcida and Hannah (Frazer) Johnson, was educated for the law, and had attained distinction in practice when he abandoned it for a more peaceful mode of life than that of continual litiga- ti'ii. He was one of the originators and leaders in the Wytiming Centennial Cele- liration of 1878; whs secretary of the Wy- ommg Commemorative '\ssociation from its inception to the day of his death, and the ' Mcniorial Volume," cf.mpiled by him, is one ol the standard works among the annals of Wyoming. He marrfd (first) Cynthia Henrietta, daughter of David Sands and Mary (Tuttle) Green, an; (second) Fran- ces Wilson, widow of 1 trderick McAlpine.

Dr. Frederick Charles Johnson, son of Wesley and Cynthia Henrietta (Green) Johnson, was born in Marquette, Green Lake county, Wisconsin, on March 2, 1853, and died at his home at Orchard Knob Farm, Dallas, Luzerne county, Pennsyl- vania, on March 5, 1913. His earlier educa- tion was secured in the public schools of Wilkes-Barre, and returning to his native State, Wisconsin, he took a partial course in Ripon College, with the class of 1873. Re- turning to Wilkes-Barre in 1871, he had ten years of business training, during which time he developed his taste for newspaper work, contributing to the local papers, and imdertaking special correspondence from the coal regions for the "Chicago Tribune." One of these years he spent in Chicago, on "The Tribune" staff.

He was graduated with the degree of Dijctor of Medicine from the University of Pennsylvania, class of 1883, and following graduation obtained appointment on exami-

.,

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

nation as resident pliysician in Wilkes- Barre City Hospital. It was while attached as stated that he purchased, with the late Jo- seph C. Powell, the "Wilkes-Barre Record," then an old established newspaper, and then, as since, a power for good in the community and in the newspaper world. At the time he became a joint owner, the paper had been faring precariously, and Dr. Johnson, with an enthusiasm born of his newspaper in- stinct, threw himself into the task of laying the foundation for a daily newspaper of larger scope and influence. To this great work he gave the best years of his life, the best intelligence of his mind, and the best idealism of his nature. And yet in the midst of such engrossing effort he found time to contribute a remarkable share in the general uplift work of the community.

Dr. Johnson married, at Oshkosh, Wis- consin, on June 25, 1885, Georgia Post, daughter of Joseph H. and Harriet (Green) Post, of Knoxville. Tennessee, and they had: Mrs. Ruth (Johnson) Morgan, Fred- erick Green (Cornell University, 1913), and Margaret. At the first and only re- union of the class of 1883 of the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania Medical School, Dr. Johnson prepared the class history, which was afterward published in pamphlet form. Each year he furnished to the Luzerne County Medical Society the vital statistics of Wilkes-Barre. He wrote for the Wy- oming Historical and Geological Society ]iapers on : The Pioneer Physicians of Wy- oming Valley, 1775-1825; Pioneer Women of Wyoming Valley ; Count Zinzendorf and the Moravian Movement in Wyoming Val- ley ; Biography of Rev. Jacob Johnson ; Memoir of Mrs. Ruth Tripp Ross; Pro- posed Exodus of Wyoming Settlers in 1783; Wallingford (Connecticut) John- sons; The Johnson Family, etc., etc., sev- eral of which have become permanent pub- lished records of the society. He also through a period of years compiled the Wy- oming Historical Record in fourteen vol- umes, a work rich in local history.

The foregoing, and other associations with general enterprises outside his routine, reveal a man of large public impulse, and one whose high intelligence and capacity in achievement made him for years a promi- nent and a controlling personality. He served on the committee appointed by the State Board of Public Charities to inspect the public institutions of Luzerne county. He was one of the prison commissioners of the county; life member, and for a long time treasurer, of the Historical Society, and at the time of his death historiographer there- of. He outlined in an exhaustive paper read before the Luzerne County Medical Society, the projected enterprise of the free sanitarium for tuberculosis at White Haven, and his paper was used before the Pennsyl- vania Legislature when the question of the initial State appropriation was debated. Dr. Johnson was treasurer of the Wyoming Commemorative Association, and always an active worker ; member of the Moravian Historical Society; Minesink Valley Histor- ical Society : Pennsylvania Society Sons of the Revolution ; New England Society ; Pennsylvania Society ; Westmoreland, Coun- try, Franklin, Automobile and Camera clubs ; American Medical Association ; State and County Medical societies ; Society for Pre- vention of Tuberculosis ; Wilkes-Barre Chamber of Commerce; State and National Editorial associations ; Pennsylvania For- estry Association ; Civil Service Reform Association ; Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation (and director) ; Masonic Order, in- cluding Royal Arch Masons, Knights Templar and Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; St. Stephen's Episcopal Church (and vestry- man), etc.

So vast a field of usefulness connotes a man whose largest impulses were industry and altruism — the former a natural trait and continually manifested, and the latter largely unfolded through a heart of deep sympathies and through the practical work- ing out of his religious convictions. In an age when the relationship of men and reli-

725

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

gion is like to be somewhat perfunctory, Dr. Johnson's religious zeal was manifested with an ever increasing consistency. Beau- tiful impulses working from within, were shown in his undertaking a heavy burden of duty, and yet he was a man upon whom these burdens sat lightly. For duty became to him not negation but affirmation, not a shunned and dreaded call but a keen delight. Immediately after the organization of the Wilkes-Barre Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation he became an active worker. With one other he initiated and brought to suc- cess the boys' department, which has since grown to a separate plant and organization allied with the older branch. He assisted in the formation of suburban Young Men's Christian Associations. His work as Young Men's Christian Association director was for many years a vital influence. His church affiliation bears the same stamp of sincerity and constant usefulness. He was baptized at nineteen, and a few days there- after was confirmed by the Right Reverend Bishop of Central Pennsylvania, Alonzo D'W Howe, D. D. His church activity was unbroken through forty years, until his death. A short service as vestryman in St. Stephen's was interrupted by his medical study in Philadelphia. He was in later years reelected, and served continuously for ten years before his death. He was one of the pioneer workers in Calvary Chapel, a mis- sion of St. Stephen's, was for many years superintendent of its Sunday school, and he lived to see a commodious church, parish house and rectory become the property of the congregation.

Religion meant to him a vital daily force in life's experiences. It meant generosity, sympathy, helpfulness, charity in gifts and in judgments. It meant a high-minded am- bition in the newspaper career. He of all men was the last to recognize in himself any merit. His faithfulness to church and to his public and domestic relations was both natural and inevitable. His spirit was clothed in humilitv. In business connected

with "The Record" newspaper he was a master of detail. He was perhaps the best all-round chronicler of events the city of Wilkes-Barre has ever had. He was a para- gon of correct statement and generous marshaling of fact. And beyond this, he preserved in himself and cultivated and en- couraged in others the duty of presenting news correctly, thoroughly and without offense to the better taste of the community. He wrought so well that the tradition of his personal work and example is still a potent force. When his paper persuaded, modi- fied, or moulded public opinion it did so with the trend always toward the honorable, the moral and the right. Naturally, under such a regime as this. "The Record" became a potent force, and its influence extended beyond the immediate locality. During his active work its circulation was increased five-fold. And it is safe to say that in this achievement his was the most considerable force.

In fine, it may be said that the talents en- trusted to his keeping were manifolded. He was the faithful steward. He left an im- press on the community. His name is gratefully remembered, and his influence will remain long after the name is merged with the other notable personal forces of the past.

ALLISON, Henry 'Willard,

Financier, FuMic Official.

The subject of this sketch, born July 8, 1846, died October 12, 1913, was the son of James Willetts Allison and Mary McClel- land Boal ; grandson of Isaac Allison and Margaret Millard ; and great-grandson of James Allison and Margaret Willetts, all of whom were Pennsylvanians by birth, and passed many years if not their entire lives as residents of the State. His earlier an- cestors were among the Scotch-Irish Pres- byterians who came to this country early in the eighteenth century, settling for the greater part in York, Chester and North-

726

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ampton counties. They were men of strong religious convictions, energetic disposition and sterling character, and his life record showed that he had inherited to a marked degree the qualities of the race.

His parents — James W. Allison, born in Mauch Chunk, in 1806, and Mary M. Boal, born in Muncie, in 1812, crossed the Alle- ghanies into Ohio in 1836, settling in Law- rence county, where his father engaged in the mercantile business, and later in the de- velopment of the coal and iron industries of that locality. As years passed, these in- terests carried him into Kentucky, where, at Catlettsburg, at the mouth of the Big Sandy river, the son was born in 1846. Two years later, the financial panic of 1848, which shook the commercial world to its centre, and brought disaster to thousands of the most enterprising men of the country, found the father with more interest than he could protect at once, and brought crash- ing about his ears the promising but incom- plete business edifice reared through years of effort.

Undismayed he returned to Ohio and set about building anew, to meet similar dis- aster in the succeeding panic of 1857. And, as misfortunes rarely come singly, an attack of inflammatory rheumatism, indiiced by overwork and exposure, rendered him a helpless and temporarily almost hopeless in- valid. Pathetically and tragically enough, the condition of affairs brought to the mind of the ten year old boy the responsibility devolving upon him as the eldest son of the poverty stricken family. Without a word of his intention he went to a druggist whom he knew and asked for work — he was big enough to sweep out the store and run er- rands and must earn some money. And he could learn to put up prescriptions. Prob- ably struck with the boy's earnestness and enterprise rather than the value of his serv- ice, the good man at once made an offer which was readily accepted, and the child took up the burden of work and responsi- bility which was to be laid down only with

his life. From this time the boy no longer thought and spoke and acted as a child, but as a man. His daily life lay between the school house and the drug store where his eager mind searched into the mysteries sur- rounding him, and he experimented in vari- ous directions until after some month's work he was taken home, his face and head swathed in bandages, having "blown him- self up," with a mixture which proved to be a dangerous explosive. The prohibition following this disaster he insisted to the day of his death, was all that prevented his being recognized as the discoverer of nitro-gly- cerin in this country.

Until sixteen years of age he attended the public schools, alwa3's looking for and always finding work in some capacity dur- ing the summer vacation, and in some cases through the year outside of school hours. A boy in years he became familiar with the mining and marketing of bituminous coal and the manufacture of wrought and cast iron in every shape among the coal mines, blast furnaces, rolling and nail mills, found- ries, and machine shops of Lawrence county, Ohio, where his parents then resided.

At sixteen he left school for business life and thereafter his education was what be could glean through the school of ex- perience and his love of reading. Thence- forward he was under no necessity of look- ing or asking for employment. His repu- tation for industry, honesty, integrity and ability, was already so well known among business men that he found himself at liberty to simply accept or decline among the numerous applications for his services. Naturally gifted with a high order of in- telligence, of good figure, handsome of fea- ture and of polished manners he was as popular socially as in a business way and a welcome guest at the best homes of any locality where he was known. At sixteen years of age he entered the employ of the iron firm of Sinton & Means, of Southern Ohio, and two years later of the Norton Iron Works, of Ashland, Kentucky. In

727

EX CYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGIL\PHY

1868 he accepted a position with Pardee Brothers & Co., of Hazleton and Latimer, Pennsylvania, where for the next seven years he made close and careful study of the anthracite interests which he mastered in every detail. In 1875 he was transferred to the AUentown Rolling Mills of which he became secretary, treasurer and general manager, retaining his position until his death.

Perhaps the two ruling principles of Mr. Allison's life were conscientiousness and thoroughness. Had he been as scrupulous of his own interests as he was of those of his employers he should and probably would have died a rich man. But his unswerving loyalty to those who trusted him and his devotion to duty amounted to self abnega- tion, and he frequently stood in his own light and the way of his own welfare.

Such a man is sure to die respected. He is not apt to die rich, and Mr. Allison was no exception to the rule. What he did, he did with all his might, and did not rest until he knew to the bottom and in every detail, whatever he came in contact with.

A western iron master who entertained him on a visit to the Pacific Coast told the writer that he had learned more about iron in one evening from his guest than in twenty years of actual experience in its manu- facture and sale. As an authority on iron and steel, and bituminous and anthracite coals he was probably without a superior in the country.

In 1879 Mr. Allison was married to Miss Clara Unger, of AUentown, who survives him, with three daughters — Mary, Jean and Marjorie, a daughter and an only son dying in infancy.

While Mr. Allison was never an active politician, his affiliations were with the Republican party, with which he always voted, so that when in 1888 he accepted the nomination of mayor of a city re- garded as a Democratic stronghold, the situation was regarded by many of his friends in the light of a practical joke. He

was elected, and in 1893 re-elected, giving to AUentown two terms of office that will long be remembered by the people of that city as the "most precise, progressive and businesslike" that the city has ever known. He accepted the call simply as a call of duty and carried into the administration of the office the same conscientious methods of rigid honesty, integrity, impartiality, unself- ishness and business ability that he gave to his private aft'airs. In or out of office his broad minded, generous and always capable public spirit was recognized and his time and abilities were sought and freely and cheerfully rendered in many directions. He was a powerful factor in the organization of the Young Mens' Temperance Society and of the Livingston Club of which he was the first president. He served also for years as president of the City Board of Trade, as director of the Rapid Transit Railway, of the Lehigh County Agricultural Society, and as director of the Second National Bank, the Fairview Cemetery- Association, the AUentown Hospital, and St. Luke's Hospital, Bethlehem. Through the services of his father as an officer of the Union army, during four years of the Civil War, he was an honored member of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Loyal Legion and of the Sons of Veterans, and was also a member of Barger Lodge, F. and A. M. ; Allen Chapter, R. A. M.; Allen Commandery, Knights Templar, and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. In his ap- preciation of the dignity of the highest man- hood, his hatred of all that is mean, sordid and vulgar, his fine scorn of that disposition that would "crack the pregnant hinges of the knee, that thrift may follow fawning" he was a born aristocrat. In his love for his fellow man, his easy accessibility at all times to high and low alike, his ever readi- ness to aid the "under dog in the fight" and to lend a helping hand to the unfortunate, he was the ideal Democrat and man of the people. Caring little for the pleasures and vanities of the world and nothing for the

728

EX CYCLOPEDIA OF iJIOGRAPH V

ipations of "high society," and loving

ijujet of his own lireside, the company

his family, his books and cliosen friends

.^e all else, no night was too dark or

. or stormy to draw him from these at

cry of distress. A lover of nature in

er moods — of moimtain and forest and

: . of fine horses and cattle, of the trout

i.e streams and wild animals of the forest

plain, he was never happier than when

could, for brief intervals of a busy life,

■w off the cares and responsibilities of

work among the whiz and clamor of

"-.g wheels and roaring machinery and

as a bird to tiie mountain" and be

ly again. And when at last came to him

"summons which, sooner or later, comes

e to rich and poor, the proud and the

.l)le. high and low, he met it frankly

fearlessly as he had met every other

nge in his life, fully realizing that for

this was only a change ;ind in no wise

>nclusion. Half whimsically he depre-

- d his increasing weakness and difficulty

Mft'athing, with no word of ctinjiUint

.'tidency. and froiti liis dying bid.

\ day>^ hi'fnre the end, came to the

■ r a humorous message of his surrender

; '• lyranrv of nurse and doctor who had

.1 ban on his determined eflForts to help

i-'f and "fight it out."

' •::\'-iy living, he bravely died, leaving

■ n the highest form of wealth that

')oast — a stainless life, a business

. thout a blemish, and the love, re-

1 veneraition of all who knew him

TT, Albin,

"-r, Mannfactnrer, Model OiUiexu

'.^rrett, man of large affairs, ami

' -pc of citizenship, one who held

-' ideals in public as well as in

had for ancestors those who

lie earliest settlers of Pennsyl-

rc among the pioneers of a

• :i.

iHam Garrett emigrated from

ilarl)y, Leicestershire, England, and settled in Darby, Pennsylvania, bringing with him his \\ite and seven children. lie became identified with the Monthly Meeting of Friends in Philadelphia, i)rcsenting a letter from the Meeting at Harby, England, and he was warmly welcomed by those to whom he came thus accredited. He was already a landowner in Pennsylvania, for before leaving England he and Samuel Levis had jointly purchased i.ooo acres of land, as attested by deeds of lease and release of date August 9-10, 1684. This land was located in Willistown township, and before his death was divided, 556 acres being as- sessed to himself. It is worthy of note that a portion of this original tract was in the ownership of Albin Garrett at the time of his death.

From the time ^\'illiam Garrett settled in Pennsylvania, members of the family have been known as active, enterprising, law- abiding citizens Sonic ^crved the .State as legislators, and in niiii<ir offices, ami all took a lively interest iu the general welfare. They were soon so widely scattered, that their blood '.lows in countless families of other names as well as their own.

Oi this relationship and so descended, was Robert Garrett, who married. Novem- ber 18, 1812, Albina. daughter of Jesse and Rachel Hoopes, and to them was born a son, .Albin Garrett, the father of Albin Garrett, the subject of this narrative. His birth oc- curred April 22, 1844. at the Willistown homestead, on Ridley creek, near the power house of the Philadelphia & West Chester railway, the land having been derived from the Garrett farm, upon which was located "the Indian orchard" which had been occu- pied by the Okchocking tribe, and who had l)oen removed westward under the direction of William Penn. In and about this his- toric spot, surrounded by wooded hills en- circling the stream which moved the mills of his father and grandfather, Albin Gar- rett pas.-ed his youth, in industrious pur- suits, youthful sports, and with ambitious

7^

I I 1

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGR.\PHY

dissipations of "higii society," and loving tlie quiet of his own fireside, the company of his family, his books and chosen friends above all else, no night was too dark or cold or stormy to draw him from these at the cry of distress. A lover of nature in all her moods — of mountain and forest and river, of fine horses and cattle, of the trout in the streams and wild animals of the forest and plain, he was never happier than when he could, for brief intervals of a busy life, throw off the cares and responsibilities of his work among the whiz and clamor of flying wheels and roaring machinery and "flee as a bird to the mountain" and be a boy again. And when at last came to him the summons which, sooner or later, comes alike to rich and poor, the proud and the humble, high and low, he met it frankly and fearlessly as he had met every other change in his life, fully realizing that for him this was only a change and in no wise a conclusion. Half whimsically he depre- cated his increasing weakness and difficulty of breathing, with no word of complaint or despondency, and from his dying bed, but a few days before the end, came to the writer a humorous message of his surrender to the tyranny of nurse and doctor who had put a ban on his determined efforts to help himself and "fight it out."

So, bravely living, he bravely died, leaving behind him the highest form of wealth that man can boast — a stainless life, a business career without a blemish, and the love, re- spect and veneration of all who knew him.

GARRETT, Albin, Financier, Manufacturer, Model Citizen.

Albin Garrett, man of large affairs, and a splendid type of citizenship, one who held to the loftiest ideals in public as well as in personal life, had for ancestors those who were among the earliest settlers of Pennsyl- vania, and were among the pioneers of a new civilization.

In 1764, William Garrett emigrated from

Harby, Leicestershire, England, and settled in Darby, Pennsylvania, bringing with him his wife and seven children. He became identified with the Monthly Meeting of Friends in Philadelphia, presenting a letter from the Meeting at Harby, England, and he was warmly welcomed by those to whom he came thus accredited. He was already a landowner in Pennsylvania, for before leaving England he and Samuel Levis had jointly purchased 1,000 acres of land, as attested by deeds of lease and release of date August 9-10, 1684. This land was located in Willistown township, and before his death was divided, 556 acres being as- sessed to himself. It is worthy of note that a portion of this original tract was in the ownership of Albin Garrett at the time of his death.

From the time William Garrett settled in Pennsylvania, members of the family have been known as active, enterprising, law- abiding citizens. Some served the State as legislators, and in minor offices, and all took a lively interest in the general welfare. They were soon so widely scattered, that their blood flows in countless families of other names as well as their own.

Of this relationship and so descended, was Robert Garrett, who married, Novem- ber 18, 1812, Albina, daughter of Jesse and Rachel Hoopes, and to them was born a son, Albin Garrett, the father of Albin Garrett, the subject of this narrative. His birth oc- curred April 22, 1844. at the Willistown homestead, on Ridley creek, near the power house of the Philadelphia & West Chester railway, the land having been derived from the Garrett farm, upon which was located "the Indian orchard" which had been occu- pied by the Okehocking tribe, and who had been removed westward under the direction of \Villiam Penn. In and about this his- toric spot, surrounded by wooded hills en- circling the stream which moved the mills of his father and grandfather, Albin Gar- rett passed his youth, in industrious pur- suits, youthful sports, and with ambitious

729

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGILAPHY

aspirations. His wish was for a liberal edu- cation, and he became a student at the West- town School and Haverford College, from both of which he graduated — from the lat- ter at the age of twenty years. His college contemporaries spoke of him as a grave and rather reserved youth, intent upon his studies, full and accurate in his recitations; with powers of generalization, analysis and logical acumen that made him of mark as a reasoner.

His first three years after leaving college were given to clerical work, in which he laid the foundations for his subsequent active and useful career. In 1867, in con- junction with Hon. Wayne MacVeagh and others, he formed the banking house of Kirk, ]\Iac\'eagh & Co. This property was subsequently sold to the Brandywine Bank, and after various transmutations now ex- ists in the present Farmers and Mechanics Trust Company of West Chester. After leaving the bank, Mr. Garrett was for some years engaged in mercantile business in Philadelphia and New York. During a por- tion of this time he resided at Englewood Cliflf, on the Palisades of the Hudson ; here his life was idyllic, and in after years he took delight in recalling its memories. Here he met a number of prominent New York- ers, who were not long in recognizing and appreciating his sterling worth. It was while he was thus pleasantly situated, that a num- ber of gentlemen, none of them known to Mr. Garrett, organized the India Refining Com- pany and proffered the presidency to him, and he agreed upon acceptance, on condi- tion that the plant should be removed from Chicago to Philadelphia. So great was their confidence in Mr. Garrett and so de- sirable were his services esteemed, that they gave their consent, the removal was made, and the business was established at McKean and Swanson .streets. To Mr. Garrett was given entire charge, and he gave to it his undivided attention, occupying the position of pre-^ident until his death. To use the

words of a friend who was his biographer : "At the time he assumed control of the company, he had the esteem of the board of directors ; at the time he died, he had won their love — nor theirs, alone, but that of the company's humblest employee, who believed that the president of the India Re- fining Company was his friend, and he was right. Mr. Garrett was always willing to listen to complaints ; always ready to remedy abuses, if any existed; in short, was anxious to assist his employees in any way compatible with the duties of his office."

The India Refining Company was a pio- I neer in the manufacture of edible vegetable butters from cocoanuts and similar fruits. Through Mr. Garrett's able management and far-sighted business policy, the com- pany came to be the largest of its class in America, if not in the world. Its products are not only used throughout the United States and Canada, but are exported in large quantities to probably every market open to American commerce.

Aside from his large business obligations, J Mr. Garrett gave active and intelligent at- j tention to public aft'airs, and entirely with- out self-seeking, for he was absolutely with- out political aspirations. As a rule, he was a firm believer in Republican principles and policies, but when these were not adhered to, he acted independently, and for many }ears was known as an Independent Repub- lican. In 1905, when the domination of bosses in State and county was so notorious that it was characterized by Elihu Root as " a corrupt and criminal combination mas- querading as Republicans," he revolted, and consented to act as committeeman for the Republican party from his township of Thornbury. There was then a question as to the right of using the name "Republican," because of certain irregularities, and this he determined to sift to tlie bottom. When the county convention assembled in West Chester, in the fall of nx>5. he was made temporary chairman and then permanent

730

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGR-\PHY

cliaiiuian, in which capacity, with the aid of otliers, he instituted proceedings which were finally carried to the Supreme Court. The decision in that body was adverse, where- upon Mr. Garrett and his colleagues formed "tiie Lincoln Party." I'oUowing the con- vention, a meeting was held in West Ches- ter, to endorse the course taken by Mr. Gar- rett and his colleagues, where approving si^eeches were made by Charles Emory Smith, editor of the "Philadelphia Press"; Mr. Henry C. Niles, of York, Pennsylvania, and Hon. Wayne AlacVcagh. A pungent address was also delivered by Mr. Garrett. In closing he said: "It is fitting, eminently fitting, that on this fiftieth anniversary day of the Republican party in this State, that we celebrate the emancipation of the 'White' Republicans of Chester County." His bit- ing irony and bitter arraignment of political bosses was enthusiastically applauded, and from that time until his death, he was the leader of the reform movement in Chester county, and it was largely through his un- tiring effort that the Republican organiza- tion was forced to hold primaries according to law, and otherwise to curb tendencies to treat public office as a personal perquisite, in the award of which the people were to have no voice. Mr. Garrett was a warm personal friend of Hon. William H. Berry (afterward Collector of the Port of Phila- delphia), and in the bitter fight which re- sulted in the election of that gentleman as State Treasurer, Mr. Garrett took an active part, and it was largely due to his effort that Chester county gave Mr. Berry a largely increased majority. In the guber- natorial contest of 1906. Mr. Garrett aided in forming a coalition of the Democratic and Lincoln parties, and carried Chester county. The Lincoln party (generally called Independents), was practically dor- mant until 1910, when it became the nucleus of the "Keystone party," and made its weight felt. Mr. Garrett was about this time a member of the State Executive

Board, and he aided largely in bringing about the election of Mr. Rudolph Blanken- burgh as mayor, on a ticket opposed to the "Contractor Rule."

Mr. Garrett was an ardent admirer and warm supporter of Colonel Roosevelt, and as a member of the executive board of the Washington party rendered efficient service in the last presidential campaign, and he was deeply chagrined at the defeat of his friend. In the same campaign, at the Key- stone Convention, held in Philadelphia, the nomination for Congressman-at-large was absolutely forced upon him. He had no taste for public life, and finally accepted, only out of his lofty convictions of duty. His ticket was defeated, but so great was the estimation in which he was held, that he polled 30,000 more votes than any of his fellow candidates — a striking evidence of his recognition as a man of worth and ster- ling integrity. This practically was the end of his active public career.

For many years prior to his death, his reputation as a man of aft'airs and an ideal citizen, was State-wide. His honesty of purpose and wisdom of judgment were such that his opinion upon both business and public aft'airs was eagerly sought after, and was appreciated and depended upon. In person, he was a striking personality, and passersby frequently turned to admire him. A large man, fully six feet in height, and of portly build, he was fastidious in his dress, and seemed moulded into it. As a speaker, he was fluent and forceful : his commanding appearance and easy manner held an audience to closest attention. In his intercourse with his fellows, he was the personification of consideration and kindly sympathy. No deserving person ever ap- pealed to him in vain. He acted steadfastly upon his chief motto: "Do something for somebody." His encouraging words and wholesome advice gave strength ant! com- fort to many a heart. If assistance was needed, it was aft'orded cheerfullv and gen-

731

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGILAPHY

erously, and few knew the extent of his benefactions except those who were the re- cipients.

Mr. Garrett was married, Xovember 24, 1885, in VVest Chester, to Mary Hiclonan Ebbs (widow), daughter of Wellington and Jane E. (Osborne) Hickman. Upon his return from Englewood Clifif to Chester county, he purchased the Hickman home- stead in Thornbury township. It was a place dear to Mrs. Garrett as the home of her girlhood ; it had been in the family for more than a century and Mr. Garrett loved it for its associations. Known as "Fair Acres," standing on a gentle eminence crowned with ancient trees, the house cov- ered with ivy, it seems to transport the be- holder back to colonial days. Visitors well remember the spacious hall, wide as a twen- tieth century drawing room, with the old ■'grandfather's clock" in the corner, old enough to have struck the hours when the battle of Brandywine was fought; the broad stairway ; the pleasant dwelling rooms, with their treasures of rare antique furniture and curios, gathered during many visits to foreign lands. This home was Mr. Gar- rett's constant delight. As some one has remarked, "A man is to be judged by his home life," and in the light of this utter- ance, how much might be said of Mr. Gar- rett. Xo mother ever had a more affec- tionate .son ; no wife a more devoted hus- band. Every movement political or social, was interestingly discussed with her. Only on the most urgent and important occasions would he leave her even for a single night, and then he would return at the earliest possible moment. Frequently, after ad- dressing an audience in a far distant town, in inclement weather which involved dis- comfort and danger to health, he would re- turn home in spite of the protests of his friends. In return, Mrs. Garrett bestowed upon him a love that knew no relaxation. During his last illness she scarcely left his side; the importunity of friends availed

nothing, and she could scarcely be compelled to take food or rest.

The death of Mr. Garrett occurred Feb- ruary 27, 1913. The high estimation in which he was held throughout the State was evidenced by the many kindly messages sent to him during his last illness, and to his widow after his death, by men of national distinction, including Hon. Wayne Mac\'eagh, formerly Attorney-General of the United States, and his business partner long years before; Hon. Walter H. Page, Minister to England ; Hon. William H. Berry, collector of the Port of Philadel- phia; Hon. Rudolph Blankenburgh, mayor of Philadelphia ; Isaac Sharpless, LL. D., president of Haverford College; J. B. Ken- dall, LL. D., president of Lincoln Univer- sity; Mr. H. H. Gilkyson. a distinguished member of the Chester county bar; and many others. The epitaph of such a man might well be that of one of the world's great humanitarians :

"Servant of God, well done;

They serve Him well, who serve his creatures."

HAY, Thomas A. H.,

lieading Transportation Official.

One of the most successful and enter- prising "Captains of Industry" to be found in Easton, Northampton county, Pennsyl- vania, is Thomas A. H. Hay, who is at the head and has been the leading spirit in many of the most important undertakings in that section of the country. Possessed of executive ability and foresight to large de- gree, Mr. Hay lays his plans carefully, giv- ing due attention to the veriest detail, and success is an assured fact.

He is a descendant in a direct line of the Elarl of Erroll, one of whose younger sons. Colonel Malcolm Hay, espousing the wrong political side in Scotland had to flee to save himself. This young Colonel Malcolm Hay was born in Scotland, and fled to Germany

732

^^^^yfi^/^aJ^i

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGR.

Iter a series of political reverses. He

rved with honor in the army of his

opted country-, and settling at Swei-

■ uecken. Bavaria, married a young German

omau. They liad a son, Melchior.

Melchior Hay came to America with his

.0 brothers in 1738, and settled on the

nd on which South Easton is now located.

e purchased twenty-six acres of land in

71, of Israel Morris, of Philadelphia, and

few montlis later, in the same year, bought

ree hundred and seventy-five acres from

Peter Rush and his wife, all of this land

bring a part of the ten tliousand acres

iginally owned by William Penn. In the

. !uinn opposite the asses.sment of Mr.

Hay's property are the words "no quit,"

^{jowing that he bought the property in fee

■iple. Mr. Hay sold this land in 1796,

• ! it then passed through various hands,

ij was used for farming purposes until the

■mpletion of the Lehigh canal. This Mr.

ly was a man of much public spirit, and

.' stod a larpe lot and biryirig ground to

■ 'nrmrd Church ^xili known a' Hity's

, ind ffays biiryuig ground. During

f tPiing revolutionary ^x^riod. Meichior

; y v^a.s elected among the first a mcmlter

'irf Committee of Safety, and did vn\>iX

cK-nt work He wa> captain of a com-

ly of one hundred and four men raised

A'illiams township. His patriotic spirit

- transmitted to his descendants, and

V of them earned distinction in the war

-', the Me:sican war, the civil and

. .nish-.American wars. At the close

revolution, Mr. Hay purchased a

irm in the locality called Drylands,

Easton, and much of this property

n the hands of his direct descendants.

liior, a son of Captain Melchior Hay.

and had children: .Abraham

Peter, Melchior, George, G«rles.

' y^na.

'lorn, son of the second Mel- married and had children rtw J., Thomas J., Jacob, "■les and Mary, all of Easton.

Captain Jatjb iiay, so:! of Abraham Horn Hajy, wa^ one of the most successful merchartts in Ea«Uon. As the head of the dry goods house of J. Hay & Sons, and of Hapgood, Hay & Comjiany's wholesale boot and shoe house, he displayed excellent busi- ness ability, and was progressive in his method*.. He became the owner of vast quantities of real estate in Easton. He pur- chased large tracts, partly within and partly outside of the city limits, his idea being to set it apart as a place for suburban res- idences of high grade. He doiiated much land to the public, after improving it, and laid out numerous private drives and walks at great expense, and threw these open to the public. Mr. Hay married, in 1854, Annie, a daughter of .Alexander Wilson Sr., and they had children : Thomas A. H., whose name heads this sketch ; Annie W., who matried Hon. Asa W. Dickinson, collector of the Port of Jersey City, Xew Jersey ; Ida Wikrai an>l \\iliiam O.

T! :.ji:^ \. \\ \\\\\ ... born in Easton, He attended :. ; ;nd wa>. grad-

uated from the high school in the cJass of i8>J. after which he matriculated at La- fayette Cf>?lcge, -nd was graduated from this institutioti in the class of V^-jd. He had been an earnest student, and close ap- plication had somewhat impaired his health, so that it was deemed advisable that he spend some time in the west. Accordingly, with his school chum, Russell B. Harrison, a -on of the late President Harrison, he went 10 Montana, long before the Northern Piiiifit railroad was finished, and while g.-^nit was still plentiful in that region. While m Montana, Mr Hay served as as- ^!^.ta• ' superintendent in the Helena Assay " •'' ■ he end of three years, with his

'ly restored, Mr. Hay returned ' "itre lie estaWished himself in

! a merchant and real estate

.1 It was aopointeil I'nited States

i'ivi'v' Stamp Agent at .N'ew York in 1889, x\\t\ ii.i'l rharge of ttie distribution of post-

",H

aftff i

A

K

fct Ha,

')■■ 1

I I I I

I III

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

after a series of political reverses. He served with honor in the army of his aidopted country, and setthng at Svvei- briiecken, Bavaria, married a young German woman. They had a son, Melchior.

Melchior Hay came to America with his two brothers in 1738, and settled on the lajid on which South Easton is now located. He purchased twenty-six acres of land in 1771, of Israel Morris, of Philadelphia, and a few months later, in the same year, bought three hundred and seventy-five acres from Peter Ru.sh and his wife, all of this land being a part of the ten thousand acres originally owned by William Penn. In the column opposite the assessment of Mr. Hay's property are the words "no quit," showing that he bought the property in fee simple. Mr. Hay sold this land in 1796, and it then passed through various hands, and was used for farming purposes until the completion of the Lehigh canal. This Mr. Hay was a man of much public spirit, and donated a large lot and burying ground to the Reformed Church, still known as Hay's Chapel and Hay's burying ground. During the trying revolutionary period, Melchior Hay was elected among the first a member of the Committee of Safety, and did most efficient work. He was captain of a com- pany of one hundred and four men raised in Williams township. His patriotic spirit was transmitted to his descendants, and many of them earned distinction in the war of 1812. the Mexican war, the civil and the Spanish-American wars. At the close of the revolution, Mr. Hay purchased a large farm in the locality called Drylands, west of Easton, and much of this property is still in the hands of his direct descendants.

Melchior, a son of Captain Melchior Hay, married, and had children: Abraham Horn, Peter, Melchior, George, Charles, John and Anna.

Abraham Horn, son of the second Mel- chior Hay, married and had children : Peter, Andrew J., Thomas J., Jacob, George, Charles and Mary, all of Easton.

Captain Jacob Hay, son of Abraliam Horn Hay, was one of the most successful merchants in Easton. As the head of the dry goods house of J. Hay & Sons, and of Hapgood, Hay & Company's wholesale boot and shoe house, he displayed excellent busi- ness ability, and was progressive in bis methods. He became the owner of vast quantities of real estate in Easton. He pur- chased large tracts, partly within and partly outside of the city limits, his idea being to set it apart as a place for suburban res- idences of high grade. He donated much land to the public, after improving it, and laid out numerous private drives and walks at great expense, and threw these open to the public. Mr. Hay married, in 1854, Annie, a daughter of Alexander Wilson Sr., and they had children : Thomas A. H., whose name heads this sketch; Annie W., who marxied Hon. Asa W. Dickinson, collector of the Port of Jersey City, New Jersey; Ida Wilson and William O.

Thomas A. H. Hay was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, July 1, 1855. He attended the public schools of Easton and was grad- uated from the high school in the class of 1872, after which he matriculated at La- fayette College, and was graduated from this institution in the class of 1S76. He had been an earnest student, and close ap- plication had somewhat impaired his health, so that it was deemed advisable that he spend some time in the west. Accordingly, with his school chum, Russell B. Harrison, a son of the late President Harrison, he went to Montana, long before the Northern Pacific railroad was finished, and while game was still plentiful in that region. While in Montana, Mr. Hay served as as- sistant superintendent in the Helena Assay Office. At the end of three years, with his health perfectly restored, Mr. Hay returned to Easton, where he established himself in business as a merchant and real estate dealer. He was appointed United States Postage Stamp Agent at New York in 1889, and had charge of the distribution of post-

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

age stamps to all post offices in the United States until the change in the administration in 1893. Mt. Hay is justly proud of being the originator of the first Commemorative or Jubilee Stamp issued by this government, the Columbian issue, and since then his ideas have been followed by succeeding adminis- trations in the various commemorative is- sues.

In August, 1895, in association with his brother, he established the Easton Power Company, of Pennsylvania and New Jer- sey, the first hydro-electric plant in his section of the country, and was elected pres- ident of this corporation. In 1897 Hay Brothers constructed the first Interurban street railway in that region, this running from Easton to Bethlehem ; two years later, one from Easton to Nazareth; in 1901, one from Easton to Bangor; in 1903, one from Phillipsburg to Washington, New Jersey; and it is now in contemplation to construct a road to Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey, thus connecting the entire Lehigh Valley with New York by trolley. In 1904, in as- sociation with other residents of Easton and Stroudsburg, Mr. Hay constructed the Delaware Valley railroad from Strouds- bury to Bushkill, and Mr. Hay was elected its first vice-president. In 1899 Mr. Hay and his brother, William O., bought the Easton Fair grounds, developed them along practical and original lines, and at the pres- ent time this is one of the finest residential sections of Easton. A partial list of the official business positions held by Mr. Hay is as follows: Director of the Easton, Palmer & Bethlehem Street Railway Com- pany, organized in 1896; president of the Easton & Nazareth Street Railway Com- panv, 1898 : director of the Easton, Tatamy & Bangor Street Railway Company, 1899 ; director of the Slate Belt Street Railway Company, 1899; director of the Easton & Washington Traction Company, 1902; presi- dent of the Northampton Traction Com- pany, T903 : and director of the Mont- gomery Traction Company, 1904. In 1905.

at its incorporation, he became a director in the Wahnetah Silk Company of Catasaqua, Pennsylvania.

Of an intensely patriotic nature, Mr. Hay served as a member and second sergeant in Company C, Fourth Regiment, National Guard of Pennsylvania, throughout the memorable strikes in 1877, which threatened such danger to the community, and the State in general. He was always an Independent Republican in his political affiliations, later a Progressive. Mr. Hay has been promi- nently identified with all the progressive movements and legislation suggested by lus personal friend. Colonel Theodore Roose- velt. He was a member in 1912-13 of the Republican State Committee to draft bills putting into effect the live questions of the day, notably the Public Service Commission, Workman's Compensation, Employers' Lia- bility, Woman's Hours of Labor and Mini- mum Wage, Children's Hours of Labor, Primary Elections, and Pure Elections Law. His religious membership is with the Pres- byterian church. His fraternal association is an extended one. being as follows : Eas- ton Lodge, No. 152, Free and Accepted Ma- sons ; Easton Chapter, No. 173, Royal Arch Masons ; Hugh de Payens Commandery, No. 19, Knights Templar; the Quatuor Coronati Lodge, Free and Accepted Ma- sons, of London, England ; Easton Lodge, No. 121, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; the Quaint and Zeta Psi clubs, of New York ; the Art Club, of Philadelphia ; and the Pomfret Club, of Easton. For many years, the leisure time of Mr. Hay has been devoted to music, and he has served as president of the Orpheus Society of Easton for almost a quarter of a cen- tury. While he has never spent any time in foreign travel, Mr. Hay has been in almost every State and territory of the United States, and has visited every province of Canada and Labrador with the exception of Prince Edward's Island.

Mr. Hay married Helen M.. eldest daugh- ter of the late Major-General Thomas H. ■34

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Ruger, United States Army, and their three children now living are: Helen Ruger, who was graduated from Wilson College; Anna Ruger, who was graduated from the Woman's College, of Baltimore, Maryland, now known as Goucher College ; Ruger Nel- son, who was graduated from Lafayette College in 1906, and is now a mining engi- neer at Calumet, Arizona. They were all born in Easton.

WATERS, Bertram Howard,

Fbysloian, Professional Instructor.

The evolution of a modern scientist whose life work has been devoted largely to the task of alleviating the horrors of the great "White Plague" shows the wonderful tran- sitions that may occur in the history of any family or individual during a few genera- tions. The life history of Dr. Bertram Howard Waters illustrates in a remarkable manner the changes that have been wrought from the primitive type of early New Eng- land settlers, who were farmers and black- smitlis, to the man of scientific attainments who has won distinction in the medical pro- fession.

He is a lineal descendant from the Rich- ard Waters who came to America in 1635- 1636 with Richard Plaise, a gunsmith, and settled at Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony, where he received a grant of land, 22nd day, 3rd month, 1636, in Salem. He was the son of James Waters, an iron monger of Lon- don, and himself a gunsmith by trade. He was made freeman in 1639, wrote his will dated i6th July, 1676, and died before 28th. 9th month, 1677, when his will was proved by witnesses in open court at Salem. He married Rejoici Plaise, daughter of Wil- liam Plaise, the gunsmith, in England, who survived him ; had issue, ten children.

John Waters, son of Richard and Re- joice (Plaise) Waters, was born in Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony, 27th day, 9th month, 1640. He settled in that part of Salem called North Fields, on Waters river.

named for him, near Governor Endicott's farm ; was a well-to-do farmer, and died there early in 1707-08. His v;4\ dated Feb- ruary 14, 1706-07, was proved March i, 1707-08. He married Sara Tompkins, daughter of Jolm Tompkins, August 15, 1663, in Salem, and had ten children.

Samuel Waters, son of John and Sara (Tompkins) Waters, was born May 6, 1675, and baptized July 14, 1678, in Salem. He moved to Woburn, ten miles from Boston, but later went to Easton, Bristol county, Massachusetts Bay, where he married Miss Turrill, but died soon afterward, leaving one child, Samuel. His widow married (second) Nathaniel Maudley, of Easton, and had issue by him, ten children.

Samuel Waters, son of Samuel and

(Turrill) Waters, was born at Easton, Bristol county, Massachusetts Bay Colony, and died at Stoughton, Massachusetts, about 1750. His will was proved August 28, 1750, at Stoughton; and named his son Daniel and his wife as executors. He mar- ried Bethyah Thayer, who, as widow of Samuel Waters, died before January, 1759, leaving surviving issue.

Zebulon Waters, son of Samuel and Bethyah (Thayer) W'aters, was born about January, 1735. probably at Stoughton, IMassachusetts. He lived at Stoughton and was a land owner among the early settlers of that place. Also, he was one of the soldiers who assisted Colonel Winslow to removed the Acadians on May 28, 1755, from that region, as did also his brother, Daniel \\'aters. He died there May 29, 1790. aged fifty-five years and about four months. He married Allis Bradford, tenth child of Elisha Bradford, by his second wife, Bethshua Le Brocke, September 21, 1757, at .Stoughton, Massachusetts. She was born November 3, 1734, died July 6, 1795, granddaughter of Joseph Bradford, who was the youngest son of Governor Wil- liam Bradford, of Massachusetts Bay Colony, by Alice Southworth. his second wife. They had ten children.

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Asa Waters, son of Zebulon and Allis (Bradford) Waters, was born February II, 1760, at Stoughton, Massachusetts. He owned land in the southwest corner of Norfolk county, immediately adjoin- ing that of his father at Stoughton, Mas- sachusetts. He served in the Revolu- tionary War from Stoughton. According to the official records of Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors in the War of the Rev- olution, volume xvi, page 693, his service was as follows: "Waters, Asa, Stoughton. Descriptive list of men raised in Suffolk Co. to reinforce the Continental Army, agree- able to resolve of June 9, 1779; Capt. Tal- but's CO., Col. Gill's regt. ; age 19 yrs. ; stature 5 ft. 8 in. ; hair light ; eyes, gray, ; occupation, husbandman ; nationality, Amer- ican; residence, Stoughton; engaged for towm of Stoughton ; reported delivered to Capt. L. Bailey; also list of men returned as received of Maj. Stephen Badlam, Superintendent for Suffolk Co.. by Justin Ely, Commissioner, certified at Springfield, Sept. 20, 1779." In a memorandum of serv- ice made by himself, which has been pre- served, it appears that he did other service ; and he with others marched to West Point, New York, in 1779, vi^here he was among the troops inspected by Baron Steuben. He died in 1845, aged about eighty-five years. Married (first) Lydia, daughter of Joseph Smith, of Stoughton, November 10, 1785. She was born January 10, 1763; and died June 22, 1809. He married twice after her death, but there were no children as issue of either subsequent wife.

Oren Waters, son of Asa and Lydia (Smith) Waters, was born November 6, 1788, at Stoughton, Massachusetts. He and his brother, Asa Waters, manufactured shovels and other tools at Easton, Mass- achusetts; and they, together with Oliver Ames, "built a cotton factory there, not far from the shovel factory." After a few years they sold their interest and Asa Waters moved to Troy, New York, where he started a shovel factory near the mouth

of the Mohawk river ; and Oren Waters went on to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Oren Waters set up the first tilt-hammer in Pitts- burgh, and introduced the press for stamp- ing the shovels into shape; also the fan- blast forge for increasing the forge fires. Later Asa Waters came on to Pittsburgh, and the two brothers engaged in the manu- facture of shovels, picks, and other tools, on an extensive scale ; and were the earliest manufacturers of such articles in Pitts- burgh. He married Juliet Harris, of Harrisville, Butler county, Pennsylvania, June 8, 1820, in Butler county, Pennsyl- vania. She was born April 21, 1798, in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, died May 10, 1872, at Jumonville, Fayette county. Pennsylvania. Children: i. Lydia Waters, born February 22, 1822, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; died unmarried. 2. Asa H. Waters, born March 4, 1824, at Pittsburgh, married, October 6, 1855, Hannah C. Steck. 3. Samuel E. Waters, born August 20, 1827; married, June 18, 1850, Ann M. Shaeffer. 4. Anna M. Waters, born August

17, 1830; married, March 19, 1863, James A. Smith. 5. Oren E. Waters, born March

18, 1833; married (first) June 21, 1855, Mary E. Maynard ; (second) November i, 1870, Esther A. Trask. 6. James Q. Waters, born September 16, 1835 ; married, October 15, 1861, Annie C. Price. 7. Wil- liam Webster Waters, of whom further. 8. Mary Ellen Waters, born October 5, 1840; married. November 25, 1865, Edward M. Brooks.

William Webster Waters, son of Oren and Juliet (Harris) Waters, was born June 10, 1838, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The early years of his life were spent in his na- tive city, and at New Brighton, in which last place he attended the public schools; and where at about sixteen years of age he secured a position as clerk in a book store, where he was enabled to continue his edu- cational work by an extended course of reading. He not only thoroughly learned the business, but developed into a well edu-

7.<^

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAFtlY

cated man, having a wide and varied ac- quaintance with current literature. He was employed by John S. Davidson from 1853 to i860, then by his successor, R. S. Davis, until 1870. when he resigned to become superintendent of the Presbyterian Book Store of Pittsburgh, which became his principal life work. The last mentioned business association continued from 1870 to th€ time of his death. His life was dis- tingpiished by his eminent Christian virtues, and by devotion to his church and family. He died March 28, 1905. at Sewickley, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh. He married Elizabeth Loring Critchlow, daugh- ter of Rev. Benjamin C. and Eunice (Hatch) Critchlow, June 24, 1863, at New Brighton, Pennsylvania. She was born Sep- tember 21, 1839, at Slippery Rock, Pennsyl- vania, and resided at Sewickley, near Pitts- burgh. Pennsylvania. Children: Evangeline Waters, born May, 1864, died in infancy ; Bertram Howard Waters, of whom further ; Daisy Waters, died in infniu v Mi ,^ r r. ^ born May. 1869, died i"

Loring Waters, born ':■,. . . .,.

married, June 12. 1855. Hon. Richard Rob- ert^ (|H-.av, and had issue.

Di K'f !r,im Howard Waters, son of Wil- liam \v cbsier and Elizabeth Loring (Critch- low) Waters, was bom Septemt>er 4. 1867, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Was educated at Sewickley Academy, Sewickley, Pennsyl- vania ; and at Princeton University, Prince- ton. New Jersey, from which he graduated in 1889, as A. B. In 1889-90 he was biolog- ical fellow at Princeton University ; studied medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, and graduated therefrom as M. D. in 1893. The sume year he received the M. A. degree from Princeton University. He was ap- pointed interne at the Presbyterian Ho.^pital, \'ew York City, and served from i^o: to 1895; also from August to October, IP05. was interne of the Sloan Maternity Hospiisl of New York Citv. He traveled and studied

in Europe from December, 1895, to June, 1896; and since that time has been engaged in the practice of medicine, clinical and special biological work, in New York City. From 1896 to 1901 he was engaged in clin- ical work at the Vanderbilt Clinic, and the Presbyterian Hospital Clinic ; was appointed bacteriologist of the New York City De- partment of Health in 1901 ; and in 1906 was made assistant chief of the Division of Communicable Diseases, and chief of Tuberculosis Clinics. In 1908 he was ap- pointed lecturer of the New York State De- partment of Health, and made clinical as- sistant and instructor in the Department of Phthiso- Therapy, at the Post-Graduate Hospital, New York. In 1913, following the reorganization of the Department of Health by bureaus, was made chief of the Tuberculosis Division of the Bureau of Infectious D)sea.ses for New York City. H,- >s ^ n-,'i',t,r-- .'. rtip Arnerican Medical \ssociation for ,. -,- 1 r,f the I ate ',, .V... . ... . . .. .. _ V- . i>rk

County Medical Society ; member of the Princeton and the University clubs of New York City.

He married Jessica Howard Buck, daugh- ter of Jerome and Kate (McGrath) Buck, September 4, 1906, at St. Ignatius Church, >Jew York City. She was born November 17, 1877, in Lexington, Kentucky, and is descended from Kate McGrath, of Mc- Grathiana, near Lexington.

SEIBERT. William A.,

Physic-iam. Prominent io Public lastlts- tions.

Dr. William A. Seibert, one of the most prominent arnl nwst skillful physicians of Easton, a man respected and loved by all who know him, is a worthy representative of a large and influential family that has long been located in the State of Pennsyl-

'^7

I

'VvvW

A.(X'

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

cated man, having a wide and varied ac- quaintance with current literature. He was employed by John S. Davidson from 1853 to i860, then by his successor, R. S. Davis, until 1870, when he resigned to become superintendent of the Presbyterian Book Store of Pittsburgh, which became his principal life work. The last mentioned business association continued from 1870 to the time of his death. His life was dis- tinguished by his eminent Christian virtues, and by devotion to his church and family. He died March 28, 1905, at Sewickley, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh. He married Elizabeth Loring Critchlow, daugh- ter of Rev. Benjamin C. and Eunice (Hatch) Critchlow, June 24, 1863, at New Brighton, Pennsylvania. She was born Sep- tember 21, 1839, at Slippery Rock, Pennsyl- vania, and resided at Sewickley, near Pitts- burgh. Pennsylvania. Children : Evangeline Waters, born May, 1864, died in infancy; Bertram Howard Waters, of whom further ; Daisy Waters, died in infancy; May Waters, born May, 1869, died in infancy; Elizabeth Loring Waters, born February 21, 1874, married, June 12, 1895, Hon. Richard Rob- erts Quay, and had issue.

Dr. Bertram Howard Waters, son of Wil- liam Webster and Elizabeth Loring (Critch- low) Waters, was born September 4. 1867, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Was educated at Sewickley Academy, Sewickley, Pennsyl- vania ; and at Princeton University, Prince- ton, New Jersey, from which he graduated in 1889, as A. B. In 1889-90 he was biolog- ical fellow at Princeton University; studied medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, and graduated therefrom as M. D. in 1893. The same year he received the M. A. degree from Princeton University. He was ap- pointed interne at the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, and served from 1893 to 1895; also from August to October, 1895, was interne of the Sloan Maternity Hospital of New York City. He traveled and studied

in Europe from December, 1895, to June, 1896; and since that time has been engaged in the practice of medicine, clinical and special biological work, in New York City. From 1896 to 1901 he was engaged in clin- ical work at the Vanderbilt Clinic, and the Presbyterian Hospital Clinic ; was appointed bacteriologist of the New York City De- partment of Health in 1901 ; and in 1906 was made assistant chief of the Division of Communicable Diseases, and chief of Tuberculosis Clinics. In 1908 he was ap- pointed lecturer of the New York State De- partment of Health, and made clinical as- sistant and instructor in the Department of Phthiso-Therapy, at the Post-Graduate Hospital, New York. In 1913, following the reorganization of the Department of Health by bureaus, was made chief of the Tuberculosis Division of the Bureau of Infectious Diseases for New York City. He is a member of the American Medical .Association, of the National Association for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, and of the Harvey Society, also of the New York State Medical Society, and of the New York County Medical Society ; member of the Princeton and the University clubs of New York City.

He married Jessica Howard Buck, daugh- ter of Jerome and Kate (McGrath) Buck, September 4, 1906. at St. Ignatius Church, New York City. She was born November 17, 1877, in Lexington, Kentucky, and is descended from Kate McGrath, of Mc- Grathiana, near Lexington.

SEIBERT, William A.,

Physician, Prominent in Public Instlta- tions.

Dr. William A. Seibert, one of the most prominent and most skillful physicians of Easton, a man respected and loved by all who know him, is a worthy representative of a large and influential family that has long been located in the State of Pennsyl-

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

vania, performing well their part in the various communities in which they have made their homes.

Dr. William A. Seibert, son of Owen and Matilda (Miller) Seibert, was born Feb- ruary lo, 1859. After attending the public schools of Easton, he prepared for college at Stevens Institute, from which he was graduated in 1876, and at Trach's (Easton) Academy, whose course he completed in 1878. In 1882 he was graduated from La- fayette College with first honor and the de- gree of Bachelor of Arts. The same insti- tution later also honored him with the de- gree of Master of Arts. He received his medical training at Boston University, from which he was graduated in 1885 with first honor and the degree of Doctor of Med- icine. After serving as house surgeon of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital, Boston, in which position he obtained the extended experience that has proved so helpful a factor in the success of his sub- sequent career, he located in Easton, Penn- sylvania, where he is now engaged in the active practice of his profession. His skill and ability in the diagnosis and the treat- ment of disease, and his comprehensive knowledge of the various departments of his chosen profession, have gained him the good will and the confidence of his fellow practitioners and a very liberal patronage from the public. In addition to his ex- tensive practice, he is a member, by appoint- ment of the Governor of Pennsylvania, of the board of trustees of the Pennsylvania State Hospital for the Insane, at Allentown, a member of the advisory board of Hahne- mann Medical College and Hospital of Philadelphia, and a member of the consult- ing stafT of the State Hospital at Allen- town and of the Public Hospital of Easton. He is the author of many monographs and papers which have been read before various societies and published in numerous maga- zines. Dr. Seibert is furthermore a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy ; of the Pennsylvania State Homeopathic

Medical Society, of which he was president in 1905 ; of the Leliigh Valley Homeopathic Medical Society, of which he is an ex-pres- ident; of the Lehigh Yalley Medical Club; and an honorary associate member of the New Jersey State Homeopathic Medical Society, as well as honorary member of various local and county societies. He is also a member of the Pennsylvania-German Society, the Historical Society of North- ampton County, the Northampton County Country Club, and the Pomfret Club of Easton. In his college affiliations he is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity, and a member of the board of trustees of the Delta Tau fraternity at Lafayette Col-

DILTHEY, William Jacob,

Architect, Man of Affairs.

Germany has furnished the L^nited States of America with many citizens whose de- scendants have become distinguished as artisans, tradesmen, and in the professions. Charles Frederick (or August) Dilthey came to this country in an old-time sailing vessel, and left descendants who have since distinguished and honored the name. He was born near Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, about 1838, and died in 1901, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He served his allotted time in the Prussian army before coming to America. His early ancestors were Scotch. He learned the trade of up- holsterer and harnessmaker in the army, and followed the trade of upholsterer and dec- orator in Philadelphia. He finally settled on a farm near Three Tuns, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, where he lived during the latter years of his life. He married Elizabeth Helen Hess, who came to Amer- ica from Germany in early life with her brothers.

William Jacob Dilthey, son of Charles Frederick (or August) and Elizabeth Helen (Hess) Dilthey, was born February 17, 1867, at Three Tuns, Upper Dublin town-

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ship, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, about seventeen miles north of Philadelphia, in a log cabin there standing and which dated back to Revolutionary days of "76." He received elementary instruction in the public schools of his native village, then at- tended the Central High School of Phila- delphia. He studied architecture for two years at the Spring Garden Institute of Philadelphia. While taking this course he studied at night and worked at the trade of builder by day, in order to pay expenses, and at the same time secure a practical training for his chosen vocation. In 1892 he came to New York City and secured em- ployment as draftsman in the office of Rich- ard M. Hunt, an architect. He was also employed in the office of De Lemos & Cordes, architects and engineers, and while thus employed assisted in the preparation of plans for the Vanderbilt Mansion on the Biltmore estate, near Asheville, North Caro- lina, and on both the Astor and Vanderbilt mansions of New York City, and was also with C. H. Gilbert, Van Campen Taylor, arcliitects, in New York City.

In 1896 he opened an office and began his professional career under his own name, with an office at No. 1-3 Union Square West, New York City, and has achieved considerable success in his vocation. He designed and supervised the construction of a fourteen-story mercantile building at Nos. 547-555 Broadway, New York City, for Charles Broadway Rouss, in 1900, and in 1907-08 a fifteen-story mercantile build- ing at Nos. 123-125 Mercer street, New York City, for Peter Winchester Rouss. He planned and remodelled a residence for William Floyd Jones, at Massapequa, Long Island, New York ; designed and erected one for F. Taylor Pusey, at Lansdowne, Delaware county, Pennsylvania ; and a fine mansion for Peter Winchester Rouss, in the Prospect Park section of Brooklyn, New York. A few years ago he planned the de- sign upon which the historical old Lutheran Church at Upper Dublin, Pennsylvania, was

rebuilt ; he designed the plans and dec- orations for the Epiphany Church, of Ster- ling Place, Brooklyn, New York; the St. Mark's Church, at Jamaica, Long Island ; the Church of the Advent, in Flatbush, Long Island ; the Church of the Good Shepherd, at South Ozone Park, Long Island ; and has just completed the enlargement and re- modelling of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, at Oyster Bay, Long Island.

Mr. Dilthey is a Republican in politics ; has twice been nominated for assemblyman in the Second Assembly District of Brook- lyn by the Republicans, and endorsed by the Citizens Union, an independent organiza- tion, and while he has not been elected to office he has been instrumental in securing improved political conditions in his district. He was a member of the Upper Dublin Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania at his old home, and a communicant of St. Matthew's Lutheran and Calvary Church in Brooklyn. He is a member of the Central Branch Young Men's Christian Association, also president of the Central Branch Young Men's Christian Association Literary So- ciety, and was president of the Franklin Literary Society. He has traveled exten- sively in the south and west, and has made several trips to the mining regions of the south-west. He is president of the Arizona Copper Belt Mining Company, of Yavapai county, Arizona, a mining property that consists of three hundred acres of mineral lands in copper, gold and silver, which is under development. He is a member of the American Institute of Architects, Brooklyn Chapter; the Taxpayers Association of New York City, and the Young Republican Club of Brooklyn, New York, and is active in civic and public improvements for the com- mon welfare.

LICHLITER, Marcellus Deaves, CleTfsyman, Litteratear.

Marcellus Deaves Lichliter, educator, minister, author and lecturer, is descended

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

from good ancestral stock — German, Eng- lish and Scotch-Irish — grafted into New England Puritan stock. The name has been variously rendered: Lechleiter, Leichleider, Leichliter and Lichliter. It is composed of two German words — licht, meaning light, and leiter, meaning bearer or leader. Johann Conrad Lechleiter, of Bremen, Ger- many, was the founder of the Lichliter family in America. He took passage from Rotterdam, October 21, 1741, in the ship "Friendship," Alexander Thomas, master, and settled in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, from whence several branches migrated, settling in Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, Ohio, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri.

Jacob Lichliter, grandfather of this Mr. Lichliter, married a woman of Scotch-Irish descent, whose ancestors had distinguished themselves at the Battle of the Boyne. Among their nineteen children the third was Levi, who was one of the pioneer farmers of his section, an educator and a minister. He married Catherine Younkin, whose an- cestors, having supported Cromwell, were obligated to flee to this country to escape religious persecution, and found a home among the hills of New England.

MarceUus Deaves Lichliter, second son of Levi and Catherine (Younkin) Lichliter, was born on a farm near New Lexington, Somerset county, Pennsylvania, April 10, 1849. He attended the public and normal schools, and completed his education at Mount Union College, AlHance, Ohio. For several years he was engaged in teaching in the public schools, entering the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1872, in the Pittsburgh Annual Conference, and served for a period of twenty-eight years. Impaired health obliged him to retire from active ministerial service in 1900. During his effective service in the conference, he was statistician of that body for ten years. Since his retirement from the ministry he has filled the position of chief clerk in the Department of Agriculture of Pennsyl- vania, having been appointed to this office

by Governor William A. Stone, and re- tained in office by all the governors of the State up to the present time. From his early manhood Mr. Lichliter was an en- thusiastic Republican, and has always been an active worker in the interests of that party.

Mr. Lichliter has been prominently ident- ified with many fraternal organizations, and to some he has given much time and service. The first organization with which he became identified was the Independent Order of Good Templars, in 1869, and so inspired did he become by its teachings, that he has been an unrelenting foe of intoxicants and active in every temperance movement in the country. He united with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand, and a member of the grand lodge, and he has lectured frequently in the in- terest of the order. He is a very active member of the Masonic fraternity, past master of Masons, eminent commander of Knights Templar (1914) and is a member of the grand lodge, and grand commandery, respectively, of each. He has attained to the thirty-second degree in the Ancient Ac- cepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry.

It is, however, as a member and officer of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics that Mr. Lichliter has been especially conspicuous and active. He was the first clergyman in his locality to rec- ognize the noble and lofty principles taught by this patriotic organization, and became an enthusiastic member, ever ready with voice and pen to advance the objects of the order. As a lecturer his services were in great demand, and he has been called into many States to address public meetings and to present flags and Bibles. Since his con- nection with the organization he has pre- sented to the public schools fifty Bibles and more than four hundred flags. He was elected state councilor of the State Council of Pennsylvania, Junior Order United American Mechanics, in 1896; became a member of the National Council in 1898;

740

ExNCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

served as chairman of the national legisla- tive committee for two years ; was elected national chaplain in 1901, and has been re- elected at each session of the body up to the present time. Mr. Lichliter has written four rituals for the order ; addressed twice the Congressional Committee on Immigra- tion in support of a restrictive measure on the subject of immigration; and in num- erous other ways has worked for the pass- age of legislation affecting the public schools.

Mr. Lichliter is prominent in the field of literature as author and historian. For thirty years he has been a press corre- spondent of '"The American" and other journals, his contributions including the following : Compulsory Education ; Sec- tarian Appropriations ; The Bible in the Public .Schools ; Suitors of Columbia ; The Junior Order of United American Mechan- ics and Its Achievements ; The Perils of Columbia; The New Face at the Door; Patriotism in the Southland ; Washington, General, Statesman and Man ; The Magna Charta of American Liberty and Its Sign- ers ; Our Cherished Traditions ; The Pub- lic School System of Education ; The Junior Order United American Mechanics and What It Stands For ; Through the Mid- night to the Morn of Freedom — Valley Forge ; A Symposium on the American Flag ; Betsey Ross and the First Flag; The His- tory of the Flag; The Flag and the Public Schools ; and The Flag and What Is Stands For.

He is a member of the following named historical associations : Western Pennsyl- vania Historical Society; National Geogra- phic Society of Washington, District of Columbia; Pennsylvania Federation of Historical Societies, of which he is the first vice-president, and will in 191 5 become president. Among the historical mono- graphs of which he is the author are the following: The Mound Builders, Massey Harbison, The Seven Guardian Angels of Columbia, General Henry Boquet, General

Arthur St. Clair — A Nation's Ingratitude, Pioneer Life, Indian Chiefs of Western Pennsylvania, The Forts of Pittsburgh, The Battle of Monongahela, The First Settle- ments of Western Pennsylvania, The Crog- hans, Robert Fulton, Washington's First Battle — its Reflex Influence — Fort Neces- sity, Captain Sam Brady and His E.xploits, Hannastown — First Seat of Justice of Westmoreland County, The Battle of Bushy Run^ — its Reflex Influence, and others. He is also the author of two publications: History of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics and James Jackson Mcllyar — and Autobiography, and has in manuscript a comprehensive history relating to Western Pennsylvania, entitled "Foot- prints of Patriots and Landmarks of West- ern Penn.sylvania," which covers the period from the first coming of the white man until the opening of the nineteenth century. He anticipates the compilation of a similar volume relating to Eastern and Central Pennsylvania.

Mr. Lichliter married, June 22, 1876, Mary Florence, a daughter of the Rev. James Jackson and Alice (Morris) Mc- llyar, of Butler, Pennsylvania. Children : I. Mcllyar Hamilton, who was graduated from the public schools, spent a short time in an academic course at Duquesne College, Pittsburgh, then two academic and three college years at Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware. Ohio, and was graduated from the DePauw University, Greencastle, In- diana, in 19CX), with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The last named university con- ferred the degree of Master of Arts upon him in 1903. He entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1900, and has served in important charges in Pennsylvania, New York and Missouri. At present he is in charge of Grace Meth- odist Episcopal Church, Baltimore, Mary- land. He married, 1902, Gertrude, a daughter of Dr. and Mrs. J. M. Larimore, of Greenfield, Indiana ; has two children — Mary Florence and James Marcellus Lich-

741

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

liter. 2. Alice Morris, who was graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Music, and was prominently engaged in musical work at Chautauqua and elsewhere. She married, 1905, A. Bradford Crooks, a mer- chant in Boise, Idaho.

SNYDER, J. Frank,

Iiaxpyer, Autlior.

John Franklin Snyder, of New York City, was born at Clearfield, Pennsylvania, June 2^, 1855, and is a son of the late Henry Edward Snyder, of the same place.

Balthazer Snyder, of German parentage, who died at New Berlin, Union county, Pennsylvania, July i, 1838, in the seventy- third year of his age, and Susanna, his wife, who died in 1845, in her eighty-third year, were his great-grandparents ; and their son, David Snyder, who was born in Union (now Snyder) county, Pennsylvania, Oc- tober 4, 1800, and died July 23, 1891, and Catharine, his wife, who was born Novem- ber 7, 1804, and died April 20, 1890, were his grandparents. They had seven sons and four daughters, of whom Henry Edward Snyder above-named was the eldest. Balth- azer Snyder and his son David were farm- ers, and the Balthazer Snyder homestead near New Berlin, Pennsylvania, is still owned and occupied by a son of David Snyder, who is also a farmer.

Henry Edward Snyder was born January 31, 1827, on the Balthazer Snyder home- stead, and learned the trade of carriage smithing, and located at Clearfield, Pennsyl- vania, in 1850, where he carried on his trade for about forty years, when he retired, en- joying the confidence and respect of the whole community until his death on January 14, 1906. He was one of the original mem- bers of the Evangelical Lutheran church at Qearfield. He married, April 24, 1854, Louisa McPherson. daughter of John Mc- Pherson and his wife Margaret. John Mc- Pherson was born July 23, 1808, in Center county, Pennsylvania, and died November 21, 1864, at Clearfield. His father, Thomas

McPherson, son of Joseph McPherson, of Center county, was born June 25, 1776, and died April i, 1827, in Armstrong coimty, Pennsylvania. John McPherson was a tan- ner. Margaret McPherson, wife of John and a daughter of Benjamin Bloom, son of William Bloom, was born June 13, 1815, in Pike township, near Curwensville, Clear- field county, Pennsylvania, and died August 16, 1852, at Clearfield. Her father, Ben- jamin Bloom, was one of the first settlers in Clearfield county, having come there with his parents in 1800 from Center county, and was born December 31, 1790, and died Au- gust 13, 1878, in Pike township, Clearfield county. He married Sallie McCIure, who was born October 20, 1792, and died Sep- tember 14, 1868.

J. Frank Snyder, as he is most familiarly known, was educated in the private and pub- lic schools of his native town ; he attended the Clearfield Academy, and was graduated in 1876 from the Clearfield High School. In 1872 he was put at work in his father's carriage smithing shop, and worked there until the fall of 1874, and during his vaca- tions in 1875-76, until his graduation in 1876 from the Clearfield High School. He then entered the law office of the late Judge Augustus S. Landis, at Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, where he was admitted, April 25, 1878, to the Blair county bar. On June 18, 1878, after passing a second bar ex- amination, he was admitted to the Clearfield county bar, and on June 23, 1878, opened an office at Clearfield, his native town, where he practiced his profession until June 18, 1898. In 1883 the late Judge John H. Orvis, of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, re- signed his position as President Judge of the several courts of the judicial district composed of the counties of Center and Huntingdon, and formed a partnership with him, under the firm name of Orvis & Sny- der. The firm conducted a general law practice at Clearfield until October, 1893, when it was dissolved by the death of Judge Orvis.

742

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Mr. Snyder moved to New York City in years each as prothonotary and clerk of the

June, 1898, and was admitted to the New York bar on August 13, 1898, and for several years acted as general counsel for the widely-known leather house of Fayer- weather & Ladew, and for the late Edward R. Ladew, and for the last seven years has been angaged in the general practice of law in New York City. He is a member of the American Bar Association, the Pennsyl- vania Bar Association, the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, and the New York County Lawyers Association. He is a member of the Lutheran Church, is identified with the Democratic party, and is a member of the National Democratic Club.

He is also a member of the National Geo- graphical Society, and of the Qearfield His- torical Society, and was a charter member of the Clearfield Law Library Association. He is the author of the chapter of the "Origin, Growth and Development of the Educational Interests and Institutions," in the "History of Clearfield County, Pennsyl- vania," D. Mason & Co., 1887; of the writ- ten part of "Clearfield County, Pennsyl- vania— One Hundred Years' Growth — 1804 — March 26 — 1904;" of a booklet "Clearfield Alumni Association, Thirtieth Anniversary," published in 1913; and of historical and miscellaneous newspaper articles.

He was first married, October 10, 1885, at Clearfield, Pennsylvania, to Edith Ann Tate, a daughter of the late Hon. Aaron Chandler Tate, and his wife, Martha Jane Brown. Edith Ann Tate was born April 4. 1856, in Lawrence township, Clearfield county, Pennsylvania, and died March 14, 1894, at Clearfield. They had one son. Aaron Tate Snyder, of San Francisco, born January 4, 1887, and a son who died in infancy. Aaron Chandler Tate, son of Joshua Tate and Lydia Wilson, his wife, was born in Lawrence township, Clearfield county, and died December 24, 1880, at Qearfield ; he served two terms of three

several courts of Clearfield county, and one term as a representative in the Pennsylvania Legislature. Joshua Tate, son of William Tate and Ann Nichols, his wife, was born June I, 1801, and died March 8, 1864, on his farm in Lawrence township, Clearfield county ; and William Tate was born March 14, 1770, and resided in Chester and Center counties, and died April 24, 1834, at Clear- field. William Tate was one of the first settlers in Clearfield town, and a member of the first board of county commissioners of Clearfield county.

Mr. Snyder married Sarah Ann Patchin, at Clearfield, June 19, 1907. She is a daughter of the late Horace H. Patchin, and Sarah Ann Weaver, his wife, who was born December 27, 1818, at Sabbath Day Point, on Lake George, New York, and died December 23, 1885, at Burnside, Clearfield county. Horace H. Patchin was a merchant and manufacturer and dealer in lumber, and a descendant of Joseph Patchin, who settled at Roxbury, Massachusetts, between 1633 and 1640, and who afterwards resided and died at Fairfield, Connecticut. Jacob Patchin, grandson of Joseph, married Abi- gail Cabel, daughter of John Cabel, of Fairfield, Connecticut, and had several chil- dren, among them a son Jabez Patchin, who married Hannah Squires, and resided at Wilton, Connecticut, where their son. Cap- tain Samuel Patchin, was born. In 1764 Jabez Patchin and his family left Wilton and eventually located at Milton, Saratoga county, New York. Jabez Patchin and his son, Captain Samuel Patchin, served in the Revolutionary War. Captain Samuel Patchin married Mary Hollister, and settled at Sabbath Day Point, on Lake George, New York, where they both died, and their son, John Patchin, and his wife Elizabeth Wright, were the father and mother of Horace H. Patchin above named. Sarah Weaver, wife of Horace H. Patchin was bom May 20, 1822, at Bellefonte, Pennsyl- vania, and died March 10, 1907, at Clear-

743

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

field. She was a daughter of Daniel Weaver and Mary Williams, his wife, who was a daughter of Captain Joshua Williams and Mary Dill, his wife, late of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. Joshua Williams was a cap- tain in the Revolutionary War.

REAM, Norman Bruce,

Soldier, Man of Iiarge Affairs.

The antecedents of Norman Bruce Ream can be traced back to Andrew Ream, a German emigrant, who settled in Pennsyl- vania during the first half of the eighteenth century. He had a son, John Ream, who was a patriot soldier in the War for Amer- ican Independence, and Samuel Ream, his son, married Mary Rheims, who had issue.

Levi Ream, son of Samuel and Mary (Rheims) Ream, was bom in 1816, in Som- erset county, Pennsylvania ; was a farmer who resided there until his death in July, 1902. He married Highley King, daughter of Jacob and Eva (Pringry) King, in Som- erset county, Pennsylvania. She was de- scended from English-Scotch ancestry, who came to New Jersey in Colonial days, and was the mother of several children, among them a son, whose sketch follows.

Norman Bruce Ream, son of Levi and Highley (King) Ream, was bom November 5, 1844, in Somerset county, Pennsylvania. He attended the district schools of his na- tive county until he was fourteen years of age and then worked on his father's farm ; taught school one term of four months, and traveled about the country making ambro- types, then a new improvement in photog- raphy, between terms of the Somerset County Normal School, which he attended until 1 86 1, about three years altogether.

He enlisted November 12, 1861, in Com- pany H, 85th Pennsylvania Regiment, and served with it through several campaigns and many battles. He was promoted from sergeant to second lieutenant in December, 1862; to first heutenant. May i. 1863; was wounded at Whitmarsh Island, Georgia, February 22, 1864, and again at Petersburg,

\''irginia, June 17, 1864; was discharged on account of wounds, August 31, 1864.

After leaving the army he clerked in a store at Harnedsville, Somerset county, Pennsylvania, in 1864 and 1865 ; in 1866 he moved to Princeton, Illinois, where he con- ducted a general mercantile business. A year later he removed to Osceola, Iowa, where he remained until 1871. and con- ducted a general live-stock and grain busi- ness, in connection with farming. In 1871 he went to Chicago, Illinois, where he be- gan trading as commission merchant in grain and live-stock, in which he was very successful. Later he became an operator on the Chicago Board of Trade, and there laid the foundation of his fortune and sub- sequent career. In time he became in- terested in real estate and when, in 1886, he organized a syndicate to erect a large office building, it was suggested that the frame be made of steel, riveted together so as to form a bridge-like structure ; and thus he authorized the construction of the first steel frame building in Chicago, known as the Old Rookery. He was one of the pro- moters in the formation of the National Biscuit Company, which company has achieved great success due to the introduc- tion of improved and scientific methods of baking and wrapping soda and other bis- cuits. He has also been interested in the Corn Products Company of Illinois ; the Pullman Palace Car Company ; and in the L^nited States Steel Corporation, of which he is a member of its finance committee. He was interested in the reorganization of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and the Colo- rado Southern Railroad Company ; has also financed and built several systems of street railroads in different cities, and is largely interested in the First National Bank of Chicago. During recent years Mr. Ream has served on the directorates of many financial and commercial organizations. He is vice-president and director of the Central Safety Deposit Company of Chicago, Illi- nois ; director of the First National Bank of Chicago, Illinois ; is likewise of the Secur-

744

I

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ities Company of New York; and trustee of the New York Trust Company. He is a director of tlie Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company; the Chicago & Erie Railroad Company ; the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Day- ton Railway Company; the Erie Railroad Company; the Pere Marquette Railroad Company ; and the Seaboard Air Line Rail- way Company. He is a director of the United States Steel Corporation; the Pull- man company; the National Biscuit Com- pany; the Franco- American Association: the Cumberland Corporation ; the Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States ; the Fidelity-Phoenix Fire Insurance Company of New York ; the Sussex Realty Company, and the Mount Hope Cemetery Association.

Mr. Ream married, February 19, 1876, at Madison, New York, Carrie Thompson, daughter of Dr. John and Elizabeth Put- nam; she was born March i, 1852, at Alad- ison, New York; is descended from a well known old New England family. Mr. and Mrs. Ream had children: i. Marion B. Ream, born in Chicago. Illinois; married Redmond D. Stephens. 2. Frances M., born in Chicago ; married John L. Kem- merer. 3. Norman P., born in Chicago. 4. Robert C, born in Chicago ; married Mabel Wrightson. 5. Edward King, married Nellie Speed. 6. Louis Marshall.

Mr. Ream is an Independent in politics; is a member of the Pennsylvania Society of New York; the Metropolitan Museum of Arts ; and of the Illinois Commandery of the Loyal Legion. In Chicago he is a mem- ber of the Chicago Club; and in New York of the Union Club, the Art, the Metropol- itan, the New York Yacht, and the South Side Club, besides a number of other social and recreation clubs.

MOSIER, Frank C,

Lawyer, Man of Affairs.

Frank C. Mosier, prominently identified with the professional progressive, industrial

and business interests of Pittston, Pennsyl- vania, was born October 8, 1846, on the paternal farm in Pittston township, son of Daniel Dimmick and Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier.

His great-grandfather, John Moeser (the original form of the family name), was a native of Germany, and came to America prior to the Revolution, settling in North- ampton county, Pennsylvania. He enlisted in Captain Abraham Miller's company of Colonel William Thompson's battalion of riflemen. His name appears on the roll of Captain Craig's company, ist Pennsylvania Regiment, Continental Line; and as John Mosier on the roll of same company before June, 1777, and afterwards on that of Cap- tain Simpson's company of same regiment. Colonel Edward Hand commanding. He was with the troops who assembled under Washington at Cambridge, Massachusetts; served on Long Island; took part in the battle of Monmouth ; was with "Mad An- thony" Wayne at Stony Point; and under the same general in the Georgia campaign. After this long and creditable service he returned to Northampton county, where he made an admirable record for industry and thrift, becoming owner of fifty acres of land surveyed to him January 23, 1785, and 400 acres, July 12, same year. His children were ungratefully deprived of the back pay due him for his military services.

John Mosier, grandfather of Frank C. Mosier, was born November 10, 1785, near Easton, Pennsylvania, and married Sarah Overfield, born November 22, 1791, daugh- ter of Martin and Sarah (Ott) Overfield. Paul Overfield, grandfather of Sarah (Overfield) Mosier, and maternal great- great-grandfather of Frank C. Mosier, born in North Germany in 1715, came when a child with his parents from the fatherland to New Jersey, and married Rebecca Mar- shall. His children were: Abner; Benja- min; M^artin (married Elizabeth Ott): Sarah (married Lieutenant Moses Van Campen) ; Rachel (married Joseph Pen-

745

EiVCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

nell) ; Paul (married Hannah DePue) ; William, and Elizabeth (married Edward Marshall). Paul Overfield, great-great- grandfather of Frank C. Hosier, died in 1800.

Martin Overfield, father of Sarah (Over- field) Mosier, and maternal great-grand- father of Frank C. Mosier, was born in 1756, and married Sarah Ott, born Novem- ber 24, 1749. Martin Overfield was in the Revolution in 1780-81-82, in the Fifth Com- pany, Fifth Battalion of mihtia of North- ampton county, Pennsylvania. After the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia, on October 19, 1781, and the dis- banding of Washington's army at New- burg on the Hudson, Martin Overfield was mustered out of service and settled in the backwoods of Monroe county, Pennsyl- vania, and commenced to help clear up the primeval forest. He died on his farm in Middle Smithfield township, on May 25, 1821, and on his tombstone is the follow- ing: "A soldier of the Revolution under General Washington."

Sarah (Ott) Overfield, mother of Sarah (Overfield) Mosier, and maternal great- grandmother of Frank C. Mosier, died Feb- ruary 29, 1848, and sleeps by the side of her husband, whom she survived more than a quarter of a century. Hon. William Over- field, son of Martin and Sarah (Ott) Over- field, became prominent in public life, and represented Monroe, Pike and Wayne coun- ties in the House of Representatives and Senate of Pennsylvania, and filled other offices with honor, a faithful and honest servant of the people.

The land whereon is located Sand Hill Cemetery, was donated to the same by John Mosier, who passed away on the 7th of May, 1855, respected by all his neighbors, many of whom now repose with him within the shade of the beautiful cemetery, which will forever remain an enduring monument to his liberality.

Sarah (Overfield) Mosier died August 14, 1888, in the home she had lived in con-

tinuously for nearly four-score years. The Mosier homestead is now occupied by her son, Samuel Overfield Mosier, who bids fair to pass the century mark.

Daniel Dimmick Mosier, son of John Mosier and Sarah (Overfield) Mosier, and father of Frank C. Mosier, was born in Middle Smithfield township, Monroe county, Pennsylvania, August 22, 1816, and when about sixteen years old came to the Wy- oming Valley. Through the influence of his uncle, Hon. William Overfield, canal com- missioner of Pennsylvania, he obtained a position on the North Branch of the Penn- sylvania Canal. He was employed by the State on the North Branch Canal a number of years, which gave him a good start in life, for he was enabled to purchase from John M. Stark a large farm in Pittston township, from which hundreds of thou- sands of tons of anthracite coal have been mined. This valuable property is still own- ed by the Mosier family, and under lease with the Erie Railroad Company, successors of the Pennsylvania Coal Company.

Daniel Dimmick Mosier was married, January 2, 1842, to Elizabeth Ann Ward, of Bridgeport, Connecticut. Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier, mother of Frank C. Mosier, was the daughter of Victor Ward and Anna (Mills) Ward.

Thomas Ward, paternal grandfather of Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier, and ma- ternal great-grandfather of Frank C. Mosier, was of English ancestry, and emi- grated to America and settled in Connecti- cut previous to the Revolutionan,' War, and married Anna Wakely. He enlisted in Cap- tain Samuel Wright's company of Colonel Samuel Wyllys' regiment, December 2, 1775, and took part in the siege of Boston. This command, previously General Spen- cer's, was reorganized for service in 1776 a.s-1 the 22nd Connecticut Regiment of the Con- 1 tinental Line. After the evacuation of Bos-I ton by the British, it marched under Wash-J ington to New York and helped fortifj New York City. On August 24 it was

74'')

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ordered to the Brooklyn front, and took part in the battle of Long Island, August 27, and was in the retreat of the American army across the East River on the evening of Au- gust 29. At White Plains it was in line of battle on October 27-28 to oppose the ad- vance of the British forces under General William Howe. After the retreat of the British from White Plains, his command remained encamped in the vicinity of Peeks- kill, under Alajor-General Heath, until the expiration of term of service, December 30, 1776. (Record of Conn. Men in Revolu- tion, p. 107). Thomas Ward applied for a pension September 28, 1818, which was allowed. Soldier died at Glastonbury, Con- necticut, October 5, 1824. (Ref.-Hartford County, Conn., Pension Roll, p. 45).

X'ictor Ward, father of Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier, and grandfather of Frank C. Mosier, was a son of Thomas Ward and Anna (Wakely) Ward, and was born in Trumbull, Fairfield county, Connecticut. He married Anna Mills, daughter of Rob- ert Mills and Desire (Robertson) Mills, a daughter of Jonathan Robertson.

Jonathan Robertson, maternal great- grandfather of Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier, and great-great-grandfather of Frank C. Mosier, was of Scotch ancestry, and settled in Weston, Fairfield county, Connecticut, at an early date, and on April 14. 1759, enlisted in Captain Samuel Hub- bell's 5th Company of Colonel David Wooster's 3rd Connecticut Colonial Regi- ment. (See Conn. Colonial Record, French- Indian Wars, 1758-1762, p. 151). His regi- ment took part in the campaign of 1759 under General Amherst, which began with the capture of Fort Ticonderoga and closed with the battle of Quebec, September 13, 1759. which was a glorious victory for Brit- ish arms, for it added a vast territory to the Mother Country's possessions in North America, and made the name of Wolfe, who fell at the head of his troops, renowned forever in the annals of Time. Robert Mills, maternal grandfather of

Elizabeth (Ward) Mosier and great-grand- father of Frank C. Mosier, was of English ancestry, and married Desire Robertson, daughter of Jonathan Robertson, of Wes- ton, Fairfield county, Connecticut. Desire (Robertson) Mills, daughter of Jonathan Robertson, and grandmother of Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier, survived her husband, Robert Mills, a number of years, and is buried in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Eliza- beth Robertson, sister of Desire (Robert- son) Mills, in 1782, was married to Thomas Williams, who came with his father, Thad- deus Williams, to the Wyoming Valley, previous to the Revolutionary War. About January i, 1777, Thomas Williams enlisted in Captain Samuel Ransom's 2nd Independ- ent Company (recruited by authority of the Continental Congress in the Wyoming Val- ley) of Colonel Durkee's 4th Connecticut Regiment, which fought under Washing- ton at Princeton, and upon other battlefields of the Revolution. Thomas Williams be- came a non-commissioned officer, was a courageous soldier and brave Indian fighter. The name of Sergeant Williams is often mentioned in the annals of the Wyoming Valley. He died November 12, 1839, and is buried in Hollenback Cemetery.

In our country's second conflict with Great Britain, the Connecticut military rec- ords show that Victor Ward was a soldier in the War of 1812 and was in active service in 1814, when the towns bordering on Long Island Sound were threatened with attack by a combined British land and naval force. He died at Bridgeport, Connecticut, in 1827. Anna (Mills) Ward, mother of Eliza- beth Ann (Ward) Mosier, died in Plains township, Luzerne county, in 1834, and was buried in the Hollenback family burying ground. In after years her remains were removed to the cemetery founded by George M. Hollenback, a son of Mathias Hollen- back, who was an ensign in Captain Ran- som's 2nd Independent Company of Colonel Durkee's 4th Connecticut Regiment, and who returned to his home in time to take

747

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

part in the battle of Wyoming, fought July

3. 1778.

Elizabeth Ann (Ward J Mosier, mother of Frank C. Mosier, of Scotch and English ancestry, was born in Trumbull, Fairfield county, Connecticut, November 27, 1821. After the death of her father she came from Bridgeport, Connecticut, to Plains township, about the year 1829, with her mother and grandmother. Desire (Robert- son) Mills, and became neighbors of her great-uncle. Sergeant Thomas Williams, and her mother's brother, David Mills, for- merly of Bridgeport, Connecticut, who was the owner of a large farm from which was mined in after years millions of tons of coal. Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier became well acquainted with Sergeant Williams, who often entertained her with stories of his many fights with the British Tories and Indians. She was a continuous resident of the Wyoming Valley for more than four- score years. When very young she became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which she always was a faithful and charitable worker. In the War for the Union, her only brother, Joseph S. Ward, fought in the 7th and 12th Regiments, Con- necticut Volunteers. John Ward, a son of Joseph S. Ward, also served his country in the 9th Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers. Both survived the Civil War, and after the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox, each returned to his home in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and became members of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Daniel Dimmick Mosier died May 14, 1889, and Elizabeth Ann' (Ward) Mosier died March 6, 1909, and both sleep in the Mosier plot in Hollenback Cemetery. Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The follow- ing children were born to Daniel Dimmick Mosier and Elizabeth Ann (Ward) Mosier: Georgia Mosier (daughter), bom October 18, 1842, October 31, 1865, was married to Conrad Sax Stark, born April 12, 1836, a son of John D. Stark and Ann (Sa.x) Stark.

John D. Stark was born April 26, 1797, and was a grandson of Aaron Stark, who was slain in the battle of Wyoming, July 3, 1778. John D. Stark, on February 22, 1828, was married to Ann Sax, born February 15, 1803, died November 25, 1855.

John D. Stark became a prominent citizen of Pittston township. The last days of his life were spent on his farm located upon the banks of Spring Brook, where its waters commingle with the Lackawanna. His life was one of industry and usefulness. He died June 21, 1862, and is buried in the Stark family plot in Marcy Cemetery, Lu- zerne county, near the Brick Church, which was erected in 1853. Many soldiers of the Revolutionary and other wars repose in Marcy Cemetery. The first interments therein were made previous to the year 1790. The date of the death of Ebenezer Marcy is marked upon his tombstone (March 20, 1790), at which early time there were more than one hundred unmarked graves in this burying ground. Marcy township, Luzerne county, was named after Ebenezer Marcy.

Conrad S. Stark graduated at Union Col- lege, Schenectady, New York, in i860. He was offered and accepted a professorship in the Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Penn- sylvania, during 1860-61, after which he studied law with Hon. W. G. Ward, of Scranton, Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the Luzerne bar, November 30, 1864. He died at his home in West Pittston, Pennsyl- vania, March 26, 1880, in the strength and vigor of manhood, a leading member of his profession. At a meeting of the Luzerne county bar held March 27, 1880, the chair- man of the meeting, Hon. Charles E. Rice, now President Judge of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, paid an eloquent tribute to the memory of the deceased.

Georgia (Mosier) Stark died in the State of Florida, where she was temporarily re- siding, July 14, 1896. She was a sincere friend and an affectionate sister and mother.

748

"if)i(*i( tlm.

i

EACYCLOrEDlA OF BlOCRAl'HV

and was beloved by all who knew her. Con- rad Sax Stark and Georgia (Mosier) Stark :c buried in Hollenback Cemetery.

John B. Mosier (son; was born in E^itts- ton township, August y, 1844, on his father's farm, which was cleared up by David Brown, shortly after the close of the Revolutionary War. (See Bigsby's "His- tory of Luzerne County," p. 617; Hayden's '"Genealogical and Family History of the Wyoming and Lackawanna \'alleys, Penn- sylvania," p. 168). He never married, was successful in business, and accumulated a large estate. At the time of his death, Sep- tember 27, 1889, he was a member of St. John's Lodge, F. and A. M., Pittston, Penn- sylvania ; Pittston Chapter, R. A. M., and a Sir Knight of Wyoming Valley Com- mandery. Knights Templar, Pittston, Penn- sylvania. He is buried in Hollenback Ceme- tery.

Frank C. Mosier { son ) was born Octo- ber 8, 1846 (of whom further mention is hereafter made).

James H. Metier (son) married Fannie Field. He is engaged in the real estate and general insurance business, Pittston, Penn- "^ylvania. He is a member of Wyoming

!ley Lodge, F. and A. M.. Pittston, Penn-

ivania: Pittston Chapter. R. A. M. ; Wy- •jming Valley Commandery, K. T., Pittston, Pennsylvania (of which he is a past commander) ; Lu Lu Temple, A. A. O. N. M S. ^Mystic Shrine), Philadelphia, Penn-

■vania: and Keystone Consistory, S. P. S., 32d degree, Scranton, Pennsylvania,

A. S. R. Helen Mosier, his daughter, is :nember of Dial Rock (Thapter, Daughters

ihe American Revolution, West Pittston,

nnsylvania.

IVank C. Mosier 's birthplace was in Pitts-

;i township, on his father's farm, where

was brought up, working in the fields,

ning in the mountain streams, hunting in nearby woods, and attending district lol in winter. During these halcyon days

"K the Civil War. and the rolling of

'ms, waving of flags, and marching of

soldiers to the front, inspired the heart of every true patriot and lover of his country. In September, 1862, Lee, with a mighty host, came up along the Blue Ridge from Virginia with bayonets flasiiing, the stars and bars flying, and martial bands playing, "Maryland, My Maryland." It was then he enlisted in Captain Hileman's company, 19th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and went to the front, where thousands of patriotic men under Major-General John F. Reynolds, stood ready to repel the rebel irir vader if the Army of the Potomac met with defeat upon the soil of Maryland, where was fought the battle of Antietam, one of the most sanguinary in the history of the Civil War.

Returning home from the Antietam cam- paign, he attended Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pennsylvania, and subsequently obtained a position with the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company of Scranton, Penn- sylvania, where he remained until he enter- ed the University of Michigan. After com- pleting his studies at Ann Arbor, he became a student in the law office of Hon. Fitz Wil- liam H. Chambers, of Detroit, an ex-mem- ber of the Canadian Parliament, and later on judge of the circuit court of Wayne county. Michigan. After being admitted to the Detroit bar he returned east and studied law with Conrad S. Stark, Esq., and was admitted to the Luzerne bar, February 26, 1874. and still practices his profession in the Federal Court and in the Supreme, Superior and other courts of Pennsylvania.

On Wednesday, March 4, 1891, Frank C. Mosier was married, by the Rev. John La- Bar, to Lydia Ellen Stark, daughter of John M. Stark and Sarah (Davidson) Stark, of W'yoming, Pennsylvania.

Christopher Stark, son of V\illiam Stark, and great-great-great-grand father of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, came of English ancestry, and was bom ai Groton, Connecticut, in 1698. On April I, 1722, he married Joanna Walworth, of New London, Connecticut. He subsequently removed to Dutchess coun-

740

'\ M'

I I «

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

and was beloved by all who knew her. Con- rad Sax Stark and Georgia (Mosier) Stark are buried in Hollenback Cemetery.

John B. Mosier (son) was born in Pitts- ton township, August 9, 1844, on his father's farm, which was cleared up by David Brown, shortly after the close of the Revolutionary War. (See Bigsby's "His- tory of Luzerne County," p. 617; Hayden"s '"Genealogical and Family History of the Wyoming and Lackawanna Valleys, Penn- sylvania," p. 168). He never married, was successful in business, and accumulated a large estate. At the time of his death, Sep- tember 2-], 1889, he was a member of St. John's Lodge, F. and A. M., Pittston, Penn- sylvania ; Pittston Chapter, R. A. M., and a Sir Knight of Wyoming Valley Com- mandery. Knights Templar, Pittston, Penn- sylvania. He is buried in Hollenback Ceme- tery.

Frank C. Mosier ( son ) was born Octo- ber 8, 1846 (of whom further mention is hereafter made).

James H. Mosier (son) married Fannie Field. He is engaged in the real estate and general insurance business, Pittston, Penn- sylvania. He is a member of Wyoming Valley Lodge, F. and A. M.. Pittston, Penn- sylvania ; Pittston Chapter, R. A. M. ; Wy- oming Valley Commandery, K. T., Pittston, Pennsylvania (of which he is a past commander) ; Lu Lu Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. (Mystic Shrine), Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania ; and Keystone Consistory, S. P. R. S., 32d degree, Scranton, Pennsylvania, A. A. S. R. Helen Mosier, his daughter, is a member of Dial Rock Chapter. Daughters of the American Revolution, West Pittston, Pennsylvania.

Frank C. Mosier's birthplace was in Pitts- ton township, on his father's farm, where he was brought up, working in the fields, fishing in the mountain streams, hunting in the nearby woods, and attending district school in winter. During these halcyon days came the Civil War, and the rolling of drums, waving of flags, and marching of

soldiers to the front, inspired the heart of every true patriot and lover of his country. In September, 1862, Lee, with a mighty host, came up along the Blue Ridge from Virginia with bayonets flashing, the stars and bars flying, and martial bands playing, "Maryland, My Maryland." It was then he enlisted in Captain Hileman's company, 19th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and went to the front, where thousands of patriotic men under Major-General John Y. Reynolds, stood ready to repel the rebel in- vader if the Army of the Potomac met with defeat upon the soil of Maryland, where was fought the battle of Antietam, one of the most sanguinary in the history of the Civil War.

Returning home from the Antietam cam- paign, he attended Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pennsylvania, and subsequently obtained a position with the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company of Scranton, Penn- sylvania, where he remained until he enter- ed the University of Michigan. After com- pleting his studies at Ann Arbor, he became a student in the law ofiice of Hon. Fitz Wil- liam H. Chambers, of Detroit, an ex-mem- ber of the Canadian Parliament, and later on judge of the circuit court of Wayne county. Michigan. After being admitted to the Detroit bar he returned east and studied law with Conrad S. Stark, Esq., and was admitted to the Luzerne bar, February 26, 1874, and still practices his profession in the Federal Court and in the Supreme, Superior and other courts of Pennsylvania.

On Wednesday, March 4, 1891, Frank C. Mosier was married, by the Rev. John La- Bar, to Lydia Ellen Stark, daughter of John M. Stark and Sarah (Davidson) Stark, of ^^'yoming, Pennsylvania.

Christopher Stark, son of William Stark, and great-great-great-grandfather of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, came of English ancestry, and was born at Groton, Connecticut, in 1698. On April i, 1722, he married Joanna Walworth, of New London, Connecticut. He subsequently removed to Dutchess coun-

749

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ty, New York, and from thence, in 1772, to the Wyoming Valley, where he became an extensive landowner. A number of chil- dren were born to Christopher Stark and Joanna (Walworth) Stark, only two of whom, James Stark and Aaron Stark, we make mention of in this sketch.

James Stark, son of Christopher Stark, and great-great-grandfather of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, was born May 22, 1734. In 1758 he married Elizabeth Carey, of Dutchess county. New York. James Stark enlisted September 17, 1776, in Captain Ranson's 2nd Independent Company of Colonel John Durkee's 4th Connecticut Regiment of the Continental army, and fought under Washington. While in his country's service he contracted a disease which caused his death, July 20, 1777. His elder brother, Aaron Stark, born November 3, 1732, was slain in the massacre of July 3, 1778, and his name, with that of Daniel Stark, is inscribed on the Wyoming Battle Monument.

Henry Stark, son of James Stark, and great-grandfather of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, was born April 19, 1762, and married Eliz- abeth Kennedy, November 3, 1791, and died January 22, 1807.

James Stark, son of Henry Stark, and grandfather of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, was bom April 24, 1792, and married Mary Michael, of Monroe county, Pennsylvania, April 19, 1819. James Stark served as a soldier in the war of 1812. (See Hayden's "Genealogical and Family History of the Wyoming and Lackawanna Valleys, Penn- sylvania," vol. I, p. 540). James Stark be- came one of the most prominent business men of his time. He accumulated a large landed estate, which represented hundreds of acres of anthracite coal worth millions of money. This valuable property at his death was devised to his family, the children of some of whom still live to enjoy the patrimony of a grandparent who prospered, became wealthy, and left a record for hon- esty, industry and thrift to his descendants.

which is worthy of emulation. James Stark died February 3, 1856, and now reposes in Hollenback Cemetery.

John M. Stark, father of Lydia (Stark) Mosier, was born in Plains township, Lu- zerne county, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1819, and on October 16, 1841, was married to Sarah Davidson, daughter of Morris Davidson and Ann Davidson, both natives of Sussex county. New Jersey. Ann David- son, mother of Sarah (Davidson) Stark, was related to the Morgan family of New Jersey, one of whose kinsmen was General Daniel Morgan, of Virginia, a comrade in arms of Washington in the Colonial and Revolutionary wars.

John M. Stark was a man of prominence, noted for his firmness, integrity, self-reli- ance and industry. For a number of years he was superintendent of one of the divi- sions of the North Branch of the Pennsyl- vania Canal. This position he resigned to accept a more responsible one with the Pennsylvania Coal Company, of which John B. Smith, of Dunmore, Pennsylvania, was general manager, and between these two men of the old school ties of friendship ex- isted long after John M. Stark retired from the employ of the great coal company, which will always remain an enduring monument to the management and executive ability of John B. Smith, one of the best known pio- neer coal men of northeastern Pennsylvania.

During John M. Stark's active life he made careful investments in arthracite coal lands, and the rentals therefrom enabled him before his death to make a large dis- tribution of his property among his children.

John M. Stark was proud of the record of his family, for a forefather fought under Washington in the War of the Revolution, and the name of a kinsman, Aaron Stark, is inscribed on the Wyoming Battle Monu- ment, over the immortal words: "Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori." (See Brads- by's "History of Luzerne County," p. 121).

During all the wars of the American Re- public, the Stark family have maintained

750

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ty, New York, an<i from	th«noe. in 1772. to
the Wyon.	i-.e an
extetisivf	•hil-
drcn wc.	- and
Joarma	•, of
wh(	■■■sfk, we
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	imes Stark
	■ Captain
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	. .'nnecticut
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	While in his
	a disease
	1777 His
, :.;	November
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3. :77s. ir.c ;.if r.aiiii;. ■	V:,.. .-at of Daniel
Stark, is irscrihed on the \^>oming Battle
Monumcrt.
Henry Stark, son r>i	Tanvi Stark ano
great-grandfather 0 '
was born April ly.
abeth Kennedy. N'oveti.U	; :>w.i
January 22. )*lo-
Jamef '
grand fat i
bom April ,.,
Michael, of \'
April 19, iRk;
soldier in tb^r ■
"Geneal'
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sylvania." .0'.. ,, |>. j4i>	;;..■..> ..lark, be-
came one of th? rriopt	■,r-;r-;i f-nt business
men of i '	fed a large
landed c-	.il hundreds
of acres <,i ft	a\ worth millions
of money '•'	property at his
death wr	,:Tnily, the children
of some	ve to enjoy the
patrimony • ! ■	t who prospered.
became wealth-	.. record for hon-
esty, indnsiry ana tiuni	'o his descendants,

vs h)ch is worthy of emulation. James Stark died February 3, 1856, and now reposes in Hollenback Cemetery.

John M. Stark, father of Lydia (Stark) Mosier. was born in Plains township, Lu- zerne county, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1819, and on October 16, 1841, was married to Sarah Davidson, daughter of Morris Davidson and Ann Davidson, both natives of Sussex county, Nev/ Jersey. Ann David- son, mother of Sarah (Davidson) Stark, was related to the Morgan family of New Jersey, one of whose kinsmen was General Daniel Morgan, of Virginia, a comrade in arm? of VV^ashington in the Colonial and Revolutionary war.s.

John M. Stark was a man of prominence, noUd for his firmness, integrity, self-reli- ance and industrv. For a number of years he i'tit of one of the divi-

si( i"'.ranch of the Pennsyl-

vania. L.iit;ii.l. rhr position he resigned to accept a more responsible one with the Pennsylvania Coal Company, of which Johr B. Smith, of Dunmore. Pennsylvania, wa general manager, and between these tw men of the old school ties of friendship ex isted long after John M. Stark retired from the employ of the great coal company, which will always remain an enduring monumer. to the management and executive ability o 'ohn B. Smith, one of the best known pi' neer coal men of northeastern Pennsylvani

During John M. Stark's active life h made careful investments in arthracite coi lands, and the rentals therefrom enable him before his death to make a large di^ tribution of his property among his childre?

John M. Stark was proud of the recor rf !.'■: family, for a forefather fought und'- Washington in the War of the Revolution inH the name of a kinsman. Aaron Stark. ir.b> rilxn! on the Wyoming Battle Momi Tr\pry^ .1VPT the immortal words: "Dulcc ■ J, ,--,,, , f f,^^ patria niori." (See Brad f Luzerne County," p. 12 • e wars of the American K' public, the .">tark family have maintainen

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4

i

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

record for patriotism, not often excelled. General John Stark, of New Hampshire, a name famous in the annals of the Revolu- tion, who commanded a brigade at Bunker Hill, fought under Washington at Trenton and Princeton, heroically led the Green Mountain boys at Bennington, and achieved a providential victory for the American cause, came of the same English line of an- cestry as the Stark family of the Wyoming Valley. (See Hawthorne's "United States," vol. 2, pp. 512-17-22-31. etc.; Bradsby"s "History of Luzerne County," p. 357).

In the armed conflict with Mexico which secured the acquisition of immense terri- tory to the American Union, his brother, George H. Stark, served as a sergeant in Captain Ogier's Company H, 4th Regiment Louisiana \'olunteers. and on July 29. 1846, by order of General Taylor, was honorably discharged at Matamoras. On July 30, 1846, he reenlisted and became a non-com- missioned officer in Captain Blanchard's (Phoenix) company, Regiment, Louisi- ana Volunteers, and by order of Major- General Scott was honorably discharged at New Orleans, May 15, 1847. On soldier's discharge the following is endorsed : "Said G. II. Stark participated in the storming of Monterey and also the bombardment of \'era Cruz, and acquitted himself gallantly in both engagements."

In the war inaugurated for the destruc- tion of the American Union, his son, George M. Stark, on August 21, 1862, enlisted in Schooley's Independent Battery, recruited in Pittston by Lieutenant U. S. Cook, for- merly principal of the Pittston high school, who prevailed upon many of his scholars to volunteer in defense of their country's flag. As soon as Schooley's command was mus- tered into service it was assigned to garrison duty at Fort Delaware, in the State of Dela- ware, where on October 17, 1862, the scholarly Cook died. After his death the battery was ordered to Washington, D. C, and became Battery M, 2nd Heavy Artil- lery, iT2th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volun-

teers, and for a time remained on guard at Fort Lincoln. At midnight on May 3, 1864, the Army of the Potomac moved out of its winter cantonments on the Rapidan and be- gan its last campaign against the Army of Northern Virginia, strongly intrenched, ready for battle. The advance of Grant's troops against the positions held by the Con- federates under Lee was stubbornly contest- ed, and thousands of brave men were killed, wounded or burned up in the battles which raged for weeks in the Virginia wilderness, with a fierceness unparalleled in the annals of war. On May 27, 1864, the 2nd Penn- sylvania Heavy Artillery was ordered to the Army of the Potomac. In the early dawn of June 5, 1864, the regiment rein- forced the Army of the Potomac at Cold Harbor, and was immediately formed in line of battle to charge the Confederate in- trenchments. After the repulse at Cold Harbor, the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Ar- tillery, on the night of June 12, 1864, under a ceaseless fire of musketry and artillery, silently moved out of the Union trenches to the road in the rear, when the command in a low voice passed along the line, "Double up, double-quick, march," which order was strictly obeyed until the White House Land- ing on the Pamunky river, twenty-two miles away, was reached. At the battle of the Crater, on the morning of July 30, 1864, the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery stood in line of battle ready for the order to charge into the bloody vortex of death, in which more than four thousand comrades fell. For seventy-two days this brave Pennsyl- vania regiment lay in the advance line of trenches, exposed to the incessant fire of the enemy day and night, enduring much suf- fering.

On September 29, 1864, occurred the bat- tle of Chapin's Farm, fought by a part of the Army of the James, under ]\Iajor-Gen- eral Edward O. C. Ord, and was in reality a number of desperate charges against the intrenched and strongly fortified positions of the enemy. The first assault was direct-

751

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGR.-\PHY

ed against Battery Harrison, mounted with sixteen pieces of heavy artillery, which was successfully made. In this charge General Ord was wounded, and Brigadier-General Burnham, who led the storming columns, mortally wounded.

In the same chain of defenses on the right of Battery Harrison, was Fort Gilmer, the key to Richmond, which was next assaulted, first by two divisions of the loth Corps, Army of the James, in succession.

After the battle of Chapin's Farm, George M. Stark was appointed orderly to Major- General Godfrey Weitzel (one of the great- est compliments to bestow upon a soldier), commander of the 25th Army Corps, Army of the James, the first troops to enter Rich- mond after its capture by the Union army at whose head on the eventful 3rd day of April, 1865, rode Weitzel, his staff and young Stark.

With the surrender of the Army of North- <;rn Virginia, on April 9, 1865, the slave- holders' rebellion came to a righteous end. In the early summer of 1865 the surviving heroes of the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Ar- tillery, with battle flags riddled with shot and shell, returned to their homes and fire- sides, and with them came George M. Stark, who became one of the leading business men of the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania. He died July 27, 1895, at his summer home near Dallas, Pennsylvania, leaving surviving him his wife, Albertine Brace Stark. George M. Stark is buried in the historic Forty Fort Cemetery, near the site of the old fort, from which his Revolutionary kinsman, Aaron Stark, marched forth to battle and to death on the memorable 3rd day of July, 1778.

The following brothers of John M. Stark also served in the Civil War: William S. Stark, in the 52nd Pennsylvania Infantry; George H. Stark (Mexican War Veteran), in the 177th Pennsylvania Infantry, and Henry W. Stark, in Captain Hileman's com- pany, of the 19th Pennsylvania Infantry. Charles H. Flagg married his sister, Mary Jane Stark, and became captain of Com-

pany K, 142nd Regiment Pennsylvania \'oI- unteers, made up of Pittston, Pennsylvania, men, which he led into action at Fredericks- burg, December 13, 1862, and with Meade's Division (Pennsylvania Reserves), in which were Sinclair's, Jackson's and Magilton's brigades, courageously, in a terrific storm of shot and shell, charged the Confederate entrenchments on the Heights of Fred- ericksburg, defended by General A. P. Hill's division of Stonewall Jackson's corps. Dur- ing Hooker's campaign he was again under fire at Chancellorsville, where the Army of the Potomac met with disaster and defeat, after which there followed, in the rapid march of events, the invasion of Pennsyl- vania, one of the most perilous epochs in our country's history. Captain Flagg was a Pennsylvanian by adoption, and gallantly served as an aide on the staff of Brigadier- General Thomas A. Rowley, who command- ed the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, of the ist Army Corps, at Gettysburg. The 142nd Pennsylvania Volunteers fought in Row- ley's brigade, and bravely helped to drive the rebel invaders oft" the soil of Pennsyl- vania.

John M. Stark died at his residence in Wyoming, Pennsylvania, March 14, 1896. Sarah (Davidson) Stark, his wife, died at her summer home at Lake Carey, Pennsyl- vania, September 9, i8g8. Both are buried in Hollenback Cemetery.

Lydia Ellen Stark was bom in Plains township, Luzerne county. Pennsylvania, May 19, 1851.

Ruth Mosier, only child of Frank C. Mosier and Lydia Ellen (Stark) Mosier, born April 2, 1893, died December 16, 1901. On the base of the Italian marble statue which marks her grave in Hollenback Ceme- tery are the inspired words: "Heavenly Bells are calling me now,'' which were found after her death among her child treasures, written in her own hand.

Frank C. Mosier is a Mason, and belongs to St. John's Lodge, F. and A. M., Pittston, Pennsylvania ; Pittston Cliapter, Royal Arch

75^

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Masons ; Wyoming Valley Commandery, Knights Templar, Pittston, Pennsylvania (of which he is past commander); Irem Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. (Mystic Shrine j, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania; and Keystone Consistory, S. P. R. S., 32iid de- gree, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, Northern Jurisdiction, United States of America.

Frank C. Alosier is of the Democratic faith, and believes that a sound democracy is the one substructure of this, the greatest government on earth, and favors the enact- ment of laws that will benefit all the people, promote everlasting tranquility and con- tinued prosperity throughout the length and breadth of the Union. He has often been called upon to address the surviving soldiers of the Civil War, and his utterances have al- ways commanded respectful attention Upon the occasion of the Fortieth Annual Reunion of the 143rd Pennsylvania Volunteers, Sep- tember II, 1906, General J. Madison Drake (died November 28, 1913), one of New Jersey's most gallant soldiers, and Historian of the Army and Navy Medal of Honor Legion of the United States, was a promi- nent speaker and subsequently wrote Com- rade Mosier that the address delivered by him at the reunion ought to be published, and the same appeared at length in The Elizabeth (New Jersey) Sunday Leader, of which General Drake was editor; and the address, with General Drake's very compli- mentary letter, was given a prominent place in "New England Families" (vol. iv), Lewis Historical Publishing Company, New York.

!\Ir. Mosier was a participant in the na- tional reunion of the survivors of the Blue and Gray, on the occasion of the semi-cen- tennial anniversary of the battle of Gettys- burg, on that famous field in July, 191 3. He was encamped with his comrades there, and on July 2nd delivered a patriotic address at the base of the National Soldiers' Monu- ment on Cemetery Hill, at the forty-seventh annual reunion of the 143d Pennsylvania Volunteers.

Note. — A large portion of the foregoing excellent narrative is from "Colonial and Revolutionary Families of Pennsylvania" (John W. Jordan, LL. D., Librarian of Pennsylvania Historical Society, Philadel- phia), Lewis Hist. Pub. Co.. New York, 1911.

DeLACY, Captain Patrick,

Disting^nislied Soldier, Honored Citizen.

In reviewing the brilliant military career of Captain Patrick DeLacy, of Scranton, the writer (himself a civil war veteran, but who never met that distinguished soldier), recalls the famous Lever, whose masterly pen portraiture of typical soldiers of the Napoleonic era has never ceased to be the delight of lovers of military literature. Captain DeLacy was such a figure as Lever has depicted, so far as soldierlike qualities go, but he fought in a nobler cause than did any of the great novelist's heroes, and hence had loftier ideals and higher inspiration. He was one of the real heroes of the civil war. He was a daring soldier, a faithful comrade, a merciful and sympathetic enemy. He was as fearless in saving a wounded comrade in the foremost battle line, as he was in charging upon the enemy's works, and more than one soldier owes his life to his devotion and intrepidity. He came of a race of soldiers. Count Peter DeLacy, from whom Captain DeLacy is a lineal de- scendant, was a field marshal under the great Empress Catherine of Russia, and there were other warlike DeLacys as far back as the eleventh century. John DeLacy, an uncle of Captain DeLacy, fought under Wellington at Waterloo, and left a leg on that historic field. In Ireland, the DeLacys were prominently identified with the rebell- ion in 1798.

His parents, William DeLacy and Cath- erine (Boyle) DeLacy, were natives re- spectively, of county Wexford and Kil- kenny, Ireland, and were united in marriage in Carbondale, Pennsylvania, August I,

753

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1832, where the subject of this sketch was born November 25, 1835. When he was nine years of age, his parents removed to Daleville, a small hamlet in Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, where his father purchased a tract of land and became one of the most prosperous fanners of Covington township. His son Patrick remained at home and worked on the farm and attended district school in a log school house during the winter until he was about eighteen years old. when he entered the employ of John Mee- han, a neighbor who owned a large tannery, to learn the trade of a tanner. Shortly after this in the spring of 1853, '^^ work of building the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western railroad from Scranton, Pennsyl- vania, to New York began. The line of this future great road ran close by the tannery, which induced William Dale and John Mee- han to establish a large general store near the Meehan tannery, of which young De- Lacy had charge ; he was also employed as a clerk in the Dale & Meehan store.

On January 9, 1858, he was married to Rebecca E. Wonders, daughter of Jere- miah and Sarah A. Wonders of Wyoming, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania. Shortly after his marriage. Jay Gould, who after- wards became a noted financier and great railroad magnate, offered him the position of superintendent of the large tannery at Gouldsboro, in the Pocono mountains of Pennsylvania, then a wilderness with only a few log cabins, the habitations of the pioneer settler, hunter and trapper. The oflfer of Jay Gould was accepted condition- ally; that is to say, if the young wife of Mr. DeLacy would consent to going to Goulds- boro to reside; this Mrs. DeLacy refused to do, which decision lost for Gould a good man who might have been one of his most trusted lieutenants in years to come.

In 1 861 Mr. DeLacy was foreman of the Hull tannery, at Bushkill, Pike county Pennsylvania, and being popular with the men employed under him, raised a company of volunteers among the loyal people of

Pike and Monroe counties, Pennsylvania, whose services after enrollment were not needed, which compelled the disbandment of the company. After this, Mr. DeLacy removed to Trucksville, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, and leased the Rice tannery, and resumed the manufacture of leather, a business in which one of our country's greatest soldiers was engaged when he un- sheathed his sword on the side of the Union.

In the summer of 1862, when the dread tocsin of Civil War again sounded in the val- leys, reverberated among the hills and rolled over the mountains of old Luzerne, this sturdy descendant of brave Celtic ancestors, whose names are famous in Irish history, enlisted as a private in Colonel Edmund L. Dana's 143rd Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, at Camp Luzerne, in the Wyom- ing Valley, and on November 7th, 1862, with one thousand brave comrades, broke camp and marched to join the army of the Potomac, in whose serried columns it fought under the battle flags of Hooker, Meade and Grant. The 143rd Pennsylvania Volunteers is famous in history as one of "Foxe's Fighting Three Hundred Reg- iments," whose losses on the field of battle exceeded those of all others. In this superb command Captain DeLacy was honored as one of the bravest of the brave, sharing in every battle and skirmish. Soon after enlistment, he was made a corporal, and shortly afterwards was promoted to ser- geant. During the greater part of the bloody campaign in the Wilderness, he was in actual command of Company A (though ranking only as sergeant) by reason of casualties to the commissioned officers.

A dramatic incident of the terrific fight- ing was a hand-to-hand fight with a division of Longstreet's corps, one of the fiercest struggles of the war. The enemy had taken a line of works and Captain DeLacy led a charge for their recover^'. The opposing forces fought desperately backwards and forwards over the works. At a critical moment the Union troops were driven back

754

I

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

from the works, and over the open held which they had a few minutes before charged across. A gallant Confederate bearing the Stars and Bars was in the fore- front of the counter-charge, and seemed to bear a charmed life. Captain DeLacy was within twenty-five yards of him, and, see- ing the necessity of the moment, determined upon the capture of the flag, and rushed for it, between both lines of fire, his clothing being scorched from both sides, but he marvellously escaping injury. He left the gallant flag bearer on the field, returning with the flag, and the act marked the final repulse of the enemy. For this act of signal bravery Captain DeLacy was later awarded the famous Congressional Medal of Hono; . He received on the field promotion to the rank of sergeant-major, the highest non- commissioned rank.

To recount all the heroic deeds of this gallant officer would require a volume to itself, and mention can be made only of the most important. In June, 1864, he was sent to hospital on account of an injury to the knee in a forced night march against Petersburg. He remained there only one night, and despite the orders of the sur- geon he rejoined his regiment, though very lame. In the absence of commissioned of- ficers he resumed command of Company A, on the right of the regiment, and took part in what Colonel Chamberlain, brigade com- mander (and who was desperately wounded in the affair), pronounced to be "one of the finest charges of their career." The gallant command was suffering as much (perhaps more) from a Union battery in its rear than it was from the enemy's fire. Twice Captain DeLacy passed over the ground be- tween the two lines, receiving fire from both — once to bring succor to the LTnion wounded, and again to find the division commander, to explain the situation and re- ceive orders. Some days later, he aided in the repulse of a desperate charge by a Mis- sissippi brigade, and was told by a captured rebel, "My God, you have annihilated our

best brigade — the only one that would vol- unteer to charge on you." On another oc- casion he penetrated the enemy's lines in the dark, in company with a comrade, and brought back valuable information, to his brigade commander.

The 143rd Pennsylvania Infantry was brigaded with the Iron Brigade, commanded by Brigadier-General Edward S. Bragg, which was attached to the 3rd Division of the 5th Corps. After the engagement at Dabney's Mills, February 6th, 1865, which was its last battle, Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War, issued a complimentary order to the Iron Brigade then on the battle line, as follows, "This Brigade is hereby re- lieved from further duty at the front, for long continued and meritorious service." About the last of February, 1865, the Iron Brigade received marching orders to report at Grant's headquarters, where this brave body of battle-scarred veteran troops, made up of eight regiments of infantry were separated and specially detailed for guard duty at rebel prisons north of Mason and Dixon's line. Captain DeLacy's regiment was ordered to Hart Island, in New York Harbor, where upwards of four thousand Confederate prisoners of war, (mostly North Carolinians) were confined. While serving his country at Hart Island, Sergeant DeLacy was promoted to second lieutenant, and was further recommended for promo- tion to a captaincy, but before a commission could issue, the regiment was mustered out of service. A tribute paid to him by Colonel Charles M. Conyngham, of the 143rd Penn- sylvania Volunteers, epitomizes what w^ls said of him by many superior officers and comrades, who had personal knowledge of his sterling value and heroic services: "I look upon Captain DeLacy as one of the most gallant men that ever wore a uniform, under any flag in the wide world. His cool- ness in danger, his sound military judg- ment, and especially his perception of the right thing to do under any circumstances, always made a wonderfully impression upon

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

me. Had circumstances been more favor- able for bringing Captain DeLacy into pub- lic notice, I am satisfied he would have made a military record for himself second to no one's. Whether for military or civil trust, I can' most heartily endorse my friend Cap- tain DeLacy." General Joshua L. Cham- berlain expressed himself similarly, and warmly recommended the captain for pro- motion to major.

Upon the night of the assassination of President Lincoln, Captain DeLacy was officer of the guard, and remained on duty until nine o'clock of the morning of April 15th, 1865. Captain DeLacy, soon after sunrise on the forenoon of that sad day, was on his way to the officers' mess, and be- fore he arrived there he heard the rumor that Lincoln had been shot, and after pro- curing a copy of the "New York Herald," he returned to the rebel camp, and with a young Confederate drummer boy, went to the middle of the prison campus and ordered him to beat the assembly, which aroused the camp, and soon he was sur- rounded by acres of men, and there on a box he announced the death of the nation's great War President, and read an account of the same from the columns of the news- paper, which he still keeps as a sacred memento of one of the most mournful events in American history. After the Cap- tain got through, there was a profound silence, which was not broken until a hand was raised and a Confederate in a loud voice shouted, "Officer ! Officer ! We do not endorse assassination," and at the same time up went the hands of thousands of rebel comrades. Soon another with raised hand cried out, "Officer! Officer! We have lost our best friend ; Old Abe would forgive us," and still another exclaimed, "Officer! Offi- cer! The North will now persecute us" To this the Captain responded, "You my Con- federate friend over there, do not for a single moment entertain the thought that the North will persecute you for the fiendish act of the lunatic, crank or assassin, whose

wicked hand has struck down the sincere and humane friend of the South, Abraham Lincoln."

At the close of the war. Captain DeLacy returned to his home in Kingston, Pennsyl- vania. In 1867 he was appointed deputy United States marshal. He was elected to the legislature in 1871, was re-elected the following year, and on the expiration of his terai was appointed deputy sheriff. In 1877 he was made chief of police of Scranton, a position which he resigned in 1885 to ac- cept the position of assistant postmaster under Hon. D. W. Connolly. In 1892 he was elected alderman from the Seventh Ward, and has succeeded himself to the present time. In each of these responsible positions he has acquitted himself with marked ability and strict fidelity, and is held in as high honor for his civil services as for those in the field.

Perhaps no living man has enjoyed greater distinction among the veterans of the Civil War. He has been first vice-pres- ident of the Society of the Army of the Po- tomac; president of the First Army Corps Society; commander of the Medal of Honor Legion, U. S. A. ; commander of the De- partment of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic ; for forty-seven years pres- ident of the Association of the 143d Regi- ment Pennsylvania Volunteers ; and has been aide on the staff of several national commanders of the Grand Army of the Re- ' public. An incident deserving of mention is a visit paid to him a few years ago by his intimate personal friend and former bri- gade commander. General Joshua L. Cham- berlain, who served four terms as Governor of the State of Maine. On this occasion the General requested that Captain DeLacy should write an extended account of his recollections of the engagement in front of Petersburg (in which the General was severely wounded), to be placed in the Chamberlain family library. To this the Captain acceded, and his account, repro- duced in the "Scranton Times," is one of '56

Atlatttic Pubishma nEmiTximnf CoM

EXCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGHAFHV

the most circumstantial and thrilling nar- ratives of the war that has ever come under the eye of the present writer.

Death has often visited the happy home of Captain DeLacy. His faithful and be- loved wife passed away April 16, 1899, and the following children survive her : Sarah Catharine, widow of Michael D. Roche, F.sq., who at the time of his death was a prominent member of the Lackawanna bar ; Mary Elizabeth, wife of Janifcs Hicks, of New York: Anna C, wife of John Peel, of Hot Springs, Arkansas, and William P., a graduate of the University of Pennsyl- vania, and now a practicing physician in Springfield, Illinois.

Treasured beyond e.xpression, are Captain DeLacy's relations with his old comrades, and the annual reunion of his regimental association is perhaps his happiest ex- ()erience, though saddened at each gathering with tlie loss of some who hfid attended each succeeding year Each reunion has some pleasant feature of its own. At that of September 1 1, 1906, an eloquent address was delivered by Frank C. Mosier, Esq., of Pittston, Pennsylvania, and was of such --it that it was published at ic ■"•' ■

.abeth ( Xew Jersey) "Sund. I'i which General J. Madison \:>idr.%. lA- torian of the Army and \avy Medal of 'nor. Legion of the United States (who i N'ov. 28, 19 13). was editor, and whose

iij/limentary letter to Mr. Mosier gave the h a prominent place in volume iv. of New England Families," published by the Lewis Historical Publishing Company of New York. Perhaps, however, the most notable reunion of the 143d Regiment was that of July 2d. 3d, and 4th, 1913 — the fiftieth anniversary of the battle of Gettys- burg. On that historic field, the survivors of the regiment encamped upon the very ground where in the long ago the combat raged the fiercest, and upon this sacred spot they fmternized with the fearies-; Virginians and brave Teraiessceans whi. followe«l the battle flags of Pickett, Armistead Feth-

grew, Kemper and (jarnett,. through the flame and smoke of roaring cannon to the base of Cemetery Hill. On the morning of July 2(1. 1913, the survivors of the famous regiment marched to the National Soldiers' Monument in the Gettysburg National Park, and there amid thousands of graves of the known and unknown dead, each decorated with the starry banner of the free and tiie State flag of Pennsylvania, patriot- ism's silent tribute to the memory of heroic comrades who fell at Gettysburg, answeretl roll call. .Fr-amk C. Mosier, Esq., of Pitts- ton, was orator on this historic occasion, which was made memorable by the election of Captain Patrick DeLacy for the forty- eighth time president of the regimental as- sociation, with headquarters at Scranton, the great anthrax:ite coal metropolis of northeastern Pennsylvania.

ROBINSON, John B.,

Naval Officer, Idi^T^er, Le^slmtor.

From North of Ireland ancestry' comes

Jo't '. '-'-'••■ •: -r-i"'-"' • r, State

S' Stales

lie is a grandson of General Wil- liam kobinson, a member of the Pennsyl- vania Legislature, the first mayor of Alle- gheny City, after its corporation (now Pittsburgh, North Side), first president of the Exchange Bank of Pittsburgh, United States Commissioner in 1842, a man thor- oughly respected and honored. He is said to have been the first white child born north and west of the Ohio rKer, and died 1868.

William (^'Hara Robinson, son of Gen- eral William Robinson, was a leading law- yer of Pittsburgh, and in 1844 was L'nited States district attorney for the Wei^tern Dis- trict of Pennsylvania.

John Buchanan Robinson, son i>f William O'Hara Robinson, was hmr in .Mlegheny City. Pennsylvania " ^.^f^ He at-

tended the private i Pittsburgh,

entered Western U;li^•vrilt., finishing at

i followu

\ A >

lifter

EXCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

the most circumstantial and thrilling nar- ratives of the war that has ever come under the eye of the present writer.

Death has often visited the happy home of Captain DeLacy. His faithful and be- loved wife passed away April i6, 1899, and the following children survive her : Sarah Catharine, widow of Michael D. Roche, Esq., who at the time of his death was a prominent member of the Lackawanna bar ; Mary Elizabeth, wife of James Hicks, of New York; Anna C, wife of John Peel, of Hot Springs, Arkansas, and William P., a graduate of the University of Pennsyl- vania, and now a practicing physician in Springfield, Illinois.

Treasured beyond e.xpression, are Captain DeLacy's relations with his old comrades, and the annual reunion of his regimental association is perhaps his happiest ex- perience, though saddened at each gathering with the loss of some who had attended each succeeding year. Each reunion has some pleasant feature of its own. At that of September 11, 1906, an eloquent address was delivered by Frank C. Mosier, Esq., of Pittston, Pennsylvania, and was of such merit that it was published at length in the Elizabeth (Xew Jersey) "Sunday Leader," of which General J. Madison Drake, his- torian of the Army and Navy Medal of Honor Legion of the United States (who died Nov. 28, 1913), was editor, and whose complimentary letter to Mr. Mosier gave the speech a prominent place in volume iv. of "Xew England Families," published by the Lewis Historical Publishing Company of New York. Perhaps, however, the most notable reunion of the 143d Regiment was that of July 2d, 3d, and 4th, 191 3 — the fiftieth anniversary of the battle of Gettys- burg. On that historic field, the survivors of the regiment encamped upon the very ground where in the long ago the combat raged the fiercest, and upon this sacred spot tbey fraternized with the fearless Virginians and brave Tenne.sseeans who followed the battle flags of Pickett, Armistead, Petti-

grew, Kemper and Garnett, through the flame and smoke of roaring cannon to the base of Cemetery Hill. On the morning of July 2d, 1913, the survivors of the famous regiment marched to the National Soldiers' Monument in the Gettysburg National Park, and there amid thousands of graves of the known and unknown dead, each decorated with the starry banner of the free and the State flag of Penn.sylvania, patriot- ism's silent tribute to the memory of heroic comrades who fell at Gettysburg, answered roll call. Frank C. Mosier, Esq., of Pitts- ton, was orator on this historic occasion, which was made memorable by the election of Captain Patrick DeLacy for the forty- eighth time president of the regimental as- sociation, with headquarters at Scranton, the great anthracite coal metropolis of northeastern Pennsylvania.

ROBINSON, John B.,

Naval Officer, Lairyer, Legislator.

From North of Ireland ancestry comes John B. Robinson, eminent lawyer, State Senator, Congressman, and United States Marshal, now a resident of Media, Penn- sylvania. He is a grandson of General Wil- liam Robinson, a member of the Pennsyl- vania Legislature, the first mayor of Alle- gheny City, after its corporation (now Pittsburgh, North Side), first president of the Exchange Bank of Pittsburgh, United States Commissioner in 1842, a man thor- oughly respected and honored. He is said to have been the first white child born north and west of the Ohio river, and died 1868.

William O'Hara Robinson, son of Gen- eral William Robinson, was a leading law- yer of Pittsburgh, and in 1844 was United States district attorney for the Western Dis- trict of Pennsylvania.

John Buchanan Robinson, son of William O'Hara Robinson, was born in .-Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, May 23, 1846. He at- tended the private schools in Pittsburgh, entered Western University, finishing at

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Amherst College. In 1862 he attached him- self to Captain Riddle's company of the 15th Pennsylvania Emergency Regiment, and in 1864 enlisted in active service. But the family already had two sons at the front, one of whom, Captain William O'Hara